臺灣老人長期照顧體系下居家照顧服務員職場風險之研究

A Study on Work-Related Risks of Home Care Assistants in Taiwan's Long-Term Care System for the Elderly

本文旨在探討居家照顧服務員的艱辛工作歷程以及她/他們在服務過程面臨的職場風險，為了達此目的，本文採取訪談法，針對八位居家照顧服務員進行質性資料的蒐集及分析。研究發現，在居家照顧服務過程中，充斥著職場風險，包括性騷擾、肢體暴力、語言暴力、傳染疾病、職業傷害及交通安全等，這些問題迫使居家照顧服務員時時暴露在無工作尊嚴與充滿危機的服務情境中。依此，本文根據研究結果，提出幾項改善居家照顧服務員勞動條件及降低職業風險的政策思考方針：1.提升居家照顧服務專業形象；2.個案在接受居家照顧服務前須作風險評估；3.個案及其家屬在接受服務前應安排衛生教育；4.政府應該透過宣傳管道宣導居家照顧之服務理念與服務內容；5.建構居家照顧服務員合理的薪資條件；6.健全居家照顧服務支持體系。

This research is to examine the tough work experiences and work-related risks faced by home care assistants when on duty. For this purpose, the researcher collected and analyzed qualitative data by interviewing eight home care assistants. Research results show that home care services are full of work-related risk factors including sexual harassment, physical violence, verbal abuse, contagious diseases, occupational injury, and hazardous commuting conditions; These problems force home care assistants into a work environment that is without dignity and full of danger. Thus, based on the research results, the researcher proposes the following guidelines for policy-making related to home care assistant labor standards and the reduction of work-related risks: 1. Enhance the professional image of home care services; 2. Clients and their family members should be given health education prior to receiving services; 3. Risk assessments should be carried out on clients prior to services; 4. The government should use the media to promote the service philosophy and definition of home care; 5. Creating reasonable pay rates for home care assistants; 6.Perfect the support system for home care services.