信仰與文化：李亦園先生與臺灣人類學漢人宗教研究

Belief and Culture:Prof. Li Yih-yuan and the Study of Chinese Religion in Taiwan

李亦園先生在臺灣做人類學的研究與教學長達四十多年，在漢人與少數民族研究上均有重要論著，是臺灣人類學界一位全程而且全面的參與人。因此，回顧李先生的活動事蹟，可以瞭解臺灣人類學的發展過程。綜觀李先生的著述，宗教與信仰層面的探討相當豐富，可以反映臺灣人類學漢人宗教研究的脈絡趨勢。本文即針對李先生的漢人宗教研究做一回顧，闡明李先生的宗教研究有四大主題：（一）信仰與儀式反映中國人性格；（二）祖先崇拜與親屬組織的結構關係；（三）臺灣現代化與宗教調適；（四）宗教、文化價值與宇宙觀的關係。最後以李先生的宗教研究特色做結論。

Prof. Yih-yuan Li has taught and conducted research on anthropology inTaiwan for more than forty-five years. He has not only been a long-termparticipant and a mult-dimensional researcher, but also a key person in thehistory of anthropology in Taiwan. He has published a number of remarkable booksand articles on both Austronesian and Han Chinese studies. Therefore, aretrospect on Prof. Li's academic career helps us understand the development onanthropology in Taiwan; a revview of Prof. Li's publications of religiousstudies, which constitute the majority of his publications, shows us the trendof anthropological religious studies in Taiwan. This esay presents a thoroughreview on Prof. Li's publications of religious studies and explores four themesof his studies on Chinese folk religion. They are:1. the reflecting relationbetween ritual and national character, 2.The functional relation betweenancestor worship and Chinese kinship organization, 3.The adaptation of folkreligion to the political and economic modernization in Taiwan, 4. Theinter-relationship between folk religion and cultural values. Finally, thisessay concludes with an overview on the important features of Prof. Li'sempirical studies on religion.