身體修練與儀式展演：慈溪道場個案的研究

Body Cultivation and Ritual Performance: A Case Study of Ci-Xi

此篇論文企圖分析一個臺灣禪宗團體（慈溪道場）的禪七法會，並探討禪七法會的儀式展演與禪坐的身體修練如何令與會者體會宗教修行的意義。筆者強調，禪坐身體操練的意義並非只是一個象徵性的實踐，亦非耐力、意志的訓練，更不是神秘宗教經驗的體驗；其意義一方面在於讓修行者在不動之姿中，經由體驗，直接面對禪宗教義的修練；另一方面，禪坐的體驗更提供一個共通的基礎，一種「文化的媒介」，容許佛教的宇宙觀、經典的教義、與日常生活的實踐，在修行者的認知體系中，經由儀式性的過程，有一個充分融合的機會。筆者以「拍片過程」的比喻，來分析禪七主持人（導演）、護七（配角兼幕後工作人員）、及禪七學員（演員）之間的互動關係，並據以詮釋慈溪的儀式展演如何建構修行的情境，引導修行者進入並體驗禪坐的境界。筆者最後強調，學員及護七人員在禪七的過程中，常會跳出「我一表演者」的層次，「觀察」自己的表現，給予評價，並調整自己的心態，訓練自己以一個「不動的我」面對自省的結果。

This paper attempts to analyze how ritual performance and corporealcultivation work together in a meditation retreat, organized by a Zen Buddhistgroup in Taiwan, allowing participants to experience and internalize the Zenreligious meanings. I argue that the significance of meditation, as a type ofcorporeal cultivation, is not merely a symbolic act, or exercise of endurance,nor experience of mystical world. Its meanings are two folds, on the one hand,the experience of meditation allows participants to directly confront ZenBuddhist teachings; on the other hand, it also provides a shared basis, or acultural media, allowing Buddhist world view, scripture teaching, and dailypractices to be integrated. I use a metaphor, the film making process, toanalyze interactions among ritual organizer (as director), volunteer helpers (assupernumerary and working crew), and retreat participants (as actress/actors)and to interpret how a ritual atmosphere is constructed during the ritualprocess which leads participants to experience meditation. At last, I emphasizethat during the process, participants often leave the 'me-the-performer'