東賽德克泰雅人的兩性關係

SOCIO-CULTURAL CHANGES AND THE INTERSEXUAL RELATIONSHIPS IN THE EAST SEDEQ ATAYALS

泰雅族傳統的男女關係是受到超自然力嚴格規範的，故昔時兩性關係頗為循規蹈矩，不及於亂。近來雖然固有的宗教信仰已被基督教的各教派所取代，以其往日性禁忌的嚴厲來看，今日泰雅男女的關係不應該會有太大的差異才對。但筆者在民國六十七年七、八月間到達花蓮時，卻風聞花蓮地區東賽德克泰雅人聚居的蘆葦鄉，婦女以從事色情業聞名全東海岸。從昔日犯姦淫者必須殺豬向祖靈獻祭，並祈求全部落居民之諒宥，至今日賣淫風氣的普遍，其間的轉變真不可以道理計，這個問題當時即引起筆者十分濃厚的興趣。

Taiwan aborigines have confronted with overwhelmingly changed situation since the beginning of this century. The impact of sociocultural change has lead the indigenous cultural traditions disorganized for some aboriginal groups. We may find the clues for changes from socio-cultural factors such as economy, technology, religion, value system, social structure and so on. The intersexual relationship of the Atayal people (one of the Taiwanese aboriginal groups) was traditionally rigid. But the data from Matsu village indicated that the present situation of the Atayal has drastically changed, especially on the realms of sex and marriage. The present paper has concentrated its effort on changes of the intersexual relationship and marital phenomena, including the difficulty of selecting a spouse for the young males, the late marriage, the high rate of premarital intercourse and divorce, and the problem of prostitution. The author intends to explain these phenomena with the changes of environment and disorganizationof traditional social control institutions appeared in the studied village in recent years.