老有所用的理念與實踐：菩提長青村個案研究

The Idea and Practice of ‘Using Elderly Capability’:A Case Study of Bodhi Chang-Ching Village

高齡化社會來臨，乃臺灣當前所面臨的重要治理課題之一。在過去20年間，我國老人福利政策正為高齡化社會作準備，並且逐步朝向在地老化、成功老化的目標邁進。老有所用，這項退休人力資源活化運用之理念，應是高齡化社會強調終身學習的理想推動模式，其較諸：老有所終、老有所養、長期照顧、在地老化、成功老化等老人福利政策各項訴求，更具創新治理價值。本文探討南投縣埔里鎮菩提長青村的九二一震災重建經驗，筆者採取參與觀察、焦點團體座談、問卷調查等多項研究方法，進行實證資料蒐集分析，期能深入剖析此一特殊案例。本文的研究發現主要包括：（一）生理與心理兼顧的健康照護，讓老人在運用其活動力於社區營造過程中，能獲得充分滿足感，促進身心健康；（二）退休人力資源再活化的終身學習，有效達成組織運作與老人貢獻的雙贏；（三）高齡化社會應不侷限於長期照顧服務，更可發展多元化的休閒創意產業型態；（四）老人互助與自力更生的社造模式，擺脫市場經濟運作缺失，建構協力合作的治理網絡。筆者殷切期待，藉由此項個案實證研究，能有助於瞭解老有所用的理念與實踐，一方面積極思考退休人力資源活化的運作課題，另一方面適當提出老人福利政策興革方案。

Taiwan is aging rapidly. It brings an important governance issue in the society. In the past 20 years, the Central Government has proposed many social welfare projects for the elderly. 'Aging in Place＂ and 'Successful Aging＂ are the main goals of those projects. ｀Using elderly capability´ is a new strategy of active elder human resource that is an creative value for practice. In this paper, we study ｀Bodhi Chang-Ching Village´ a non-profit organization established after the 921 Earthquake in Pu-Li and dedicated to empowering community. Bodhi Chang-Ching Village believes old persons still have a lot of useful capabilities. In order to get this benchmarking empirical study well done, four research methods were adopted, such as literature review, focus group, participant observation and questionnaire survey. There are four dimensions of description resulting from those empirical data: 'physical and psychological health care,＂ 'life-long learning activating elder human resources,＂'empowering elderly capabilities into social enterprise,＂ and 'mutual-help for independence＂. In conclusion, the authors suggest many innovative strategies to improve the policies of 'Successful Aging＂ and 'Aging in Place.＂