臺北縣國小教師對學童近視預防的信念與相關教學行為之研究

A Study on the Beliefs on Myopia Prevention and Related Teaching Behaviors of the Elementary School Teachers in Taipei County, Taiwan

本研究以問卷調查法探討臺北縣國小教師對學童近視預防的信念與相關教學行為之現況。研究對象為臺北縣二所國民小學之全校教師，有效問卷共249份。 重要的研究結果如下：（一）研究對象的學童近視預防信念介於「同意」至「非常同意」之間。研究對象對於「近視的成因」了解，表現較差。（二）研究對象的學童近視預防教學行為大部分介於「經常做到」至「總是做到」之間。研究對象的年齡愈高、任教總年資愈長、擔任級任教師、已婚及有子女者，在指導學童近視預防教學行為上表現較佳。（三）研究對象的學童近視預防信念與學童近視預防教學行為呈正相關，且達顯著水準。（四）研究對象為師範院校及研究所畢業者有較好的「學童近視預防信念」。研究對象年齡愈長者、擔任級任教師者、本人有近視者、對學童近視預防信念愈高者，有較好的「學童近視預防教學行為」。 本研究依結論提出對未來教育行政單位之建議與改進方針，以提高研究對象對學童近視預防的信念與相關教學行為的實施。

This study examined the beliefs on student myopia prevention and related teaching behaviors of the elementary school teachers in Taipei County, Taiwan. The subjects comprised of all the teachers from two elementary schools chosen with judgment sampling. And 249 effective questionnaires were analyzed. The major findings are as follows: 1. The overall level of the subjects' beliefs on myopia prevention was somewhere between ”agree” and ”very agree”. Yet, they performed less well on the understandings of ”the causes of myopia”. 2. Most of the myopia prevention teaching behaviors fell between ”often do” and ”always do”, which was also above average. The differences in ”age”, ”seniority”, ”assignment”, ”marital status” and ”parentage” showed significant correlations with the teaching behaviors; the more, the better. 3. All of the subjects' beliefs on student myopia prevention were positively and significantly correlated with their teaching behaviors. 4. Subjects who graduated from normal colleges, universities or graduate schools had better ”beliefs on student myopia prevention”. Generally, the older subjects, the classroom teachers, the near-sighted and the ones who have higher myopia prevention beliefs performed better on ”myopia prevention teaching behaviors”. In order to improve the implementation on student myopia prevention by elementary school teachers, some recommendations for the future educational administration and research were provided.