歌德浮士德與習慣領域的拓展

Goethe’s Faust and the Expanding of Habitual Domains

《浮士德》是歌德畢生思想和人文探索的巨作，作品取材於１６世紀德國的民間傳說。本書牽涉的層面廣泛，是融和歷史、文學、音樂、戲劇、神學、哲學、政經、科學等觀念的整體經典钜著，它是歌德的一部精神自傳，反映了歌德精神發展和精神追求的經歷。在世界文學史上，它與古希臘的荷馬《史詩》，中世紀的但丁神曲，文藝復興時期莎士比亞的《哈姆雷特》齊名，被譽為為歐洲四大名著，《浮士德》也被譽為「近代人的聖經」浮士德已成為西方文化的人格原型之\r一。經典往往表達偉大心靈的思考方式與思考結構，閱讀經典可學習偉大人格典範與思考方法，藉以啟發思維，傳遞偉大的生命經驗。本文將以浮士德經歷過的書齋、愛情、政治與權力、藝術美、以及功業的追求幾個歷程來敘述，並說明《浮士德》如何代表西方文化中永不滿足於現實，不斷進取、勇於實踐探索與不斷求索理想的自強不息精神。習慣領域學說從腦與心、行為和決策間的關聯，找尋改變人類行為的新生力量，是一套具有系統的心靈改革軟體。本文以習慣領域學說解析浮士德的生命基調，進一步說明浮士德如何逐步邁向理想的習慣領域。

“Faust”， adapted from the German folklores in 16th century， is a masterpiece of thinking and humanity exploration through Goethe’s life. The work involves in a wide range of notions， combining history， literature， music， drama， theology， philosophy，politics， economics， as well as science into a comprehensive literature classic. “Faust”\ris a spiritual autobiography， reflecting Goethe’s experience of spiritual development and pursuit. Besides， in the world literature history， “Faust” shares the same reputation as “Homer Epic” by Homer in ancient Greek， “Divine Comedy” by Dante in Middle Ages， and “Hamlet” by Shakespeare during Renaissance; this four great works together renowned as four major literatures of Europe. Moreover， “Faust” is distinguished as “Modern Man’s Bible”， becoming one of the western charactersprototypes.Classic usually convey means and structures of great mind thinking. Reading classic enables one to learn the exemplar of great moral integrity as well as thinking patterns， which further enlighten ways of thinking and pass on great life experience.This paper will recount the courses that Faust experienced through pursuing knowledge， love， politics and power， aesthetic arts， and achievements， explaining how“Faust” represents the western relentless spirit that is-- insatiable to reality;enterprising persistently; ambitious to practice and explore; and continuously in the pursuit of ideals. Therefore， habitual domains， a set of systematic mind-innovative-software， concerning the connection among brain， mind， behavior，and decision-making， seek after the new-emerging force to change human behavior.This paper will analyze Faust’s life fundamentals based on habitual domains theory;further illustrate how Faust forwards into the ideal habitual domains step by step.