彰化市福田社區營造模式之探討

An Empirical Investigation into Factors Influencing the Empowerment of Futian Community, Changhua City

近年來政府積極推展社區營造活動與環境生態保護，目前已有具體且多元化的成果，也促使社區進一步追求永續發展的社區營造模式。而成功社造案例之探討，也蔚為學術發展的重要趨勢。透過系統化的分析架構，研究指標社區成功之因素，藉以提供後續社區發展的參酌依據。本研究針對98年獲得行政院環境保護署模範社區特優獎得獎社區－彰化市福田社區進行系統性的探討，以其『環境面向』、『產業面向』與『觀光面向』三面向作為研究主軸，進而探討福田社區發展之模式與各面向之間的關連性，研究方法採用居民問卷調查獲得研究數據，並分析福田社區三面向單獨與交互影響的結果。單一面向研究結果顯示，社區發展協會統籌推動的產業發展，獲得最高的滿意度；而環境品質與觀光發展的滿意度次之，主要因為觀光發展對環境的負面衝擊。多面向交互影響分析結果說明，與觀光發展面向具有關聯性的滿意度有較低的趨勢，再次確認觀光發展所帶來環境負面效益的影響：兩面向間交互影響的滿意度皆高於單一面向之滿意度，說明三面向間存在合作互利且放大之關連性。福田社區營造模式中採用『群力策略』、『場域精神』、『時間銀行』策略與制度，對於社區營造與凝聚居民向心力有極大的正向效益。

Taiwan government has actively assisted in the community development and ecological protection in recent years. Diverse achievement reached promotes the sustainable development of community. Many researchers devote themselves into the study on the successful case study of community empowerment. The successful case of Futian community in Changhua City is systematically investigated in terms of environmental quality, industrial development and tourist development. The research methodology is carried out by questionnaire. The results of single and mutual aspects of three important factors are analyzed.With regard to the satisfaction of single factor, the lowest satisfaction is environmental quality and tourist development due to the negatively environmental impacts resulted from tourist development. On the other hand, economic development reaches the highest satisfaction because of fully organized by community association. In terms of the mutual interaction between three factors, tourist development related aspects seem to be relatively lower recognitions due to the environmental impacts mentioned above. The satisfaction of mutual factors is generally higher than single one. It indicates community empowerment is generally regarded as a diverse organization. The highly positive recognition is reached by public participation, field consciousness and time bank.