臺灣金控子銀行與非金控銀行經營績效之探討

The Assessment of Operational Performance of Domestic Financial-Holding Subsidiary Banks and Nonfinancial-Holding Banks in Taiwan

本研究分析台灣自2003年至2007年經歷金融改革後的30家本國銀行經營績效與經營風險。採用因素分析從19個財務比率變數中萃取出5個因素，分別為：獲利能力、成長能力、資本適足、經營能力以及資產品質。研究結果顯示金控子銀行在成長能力、經營能力以及資產品質方面表現優於非金控銀行，而在獲利能力與資本適足方面則沒有顯著差異。本研究並採用區別分析找出金控子銀行與非金控銀行的區別變數與區別函數，最後運用時事對區別分析結果進行佐證。結果發現有部分金控子銀行，因大量壞帳的產生或固定經營成本較高，造成經營上的風險，並有可能影響到金控公司下其他子公司的經營，引發甚至更大的金融風險。而有些非金控銀行，因為長期專注銀行本業經營，或提供特定的金融服務給客戶，在台灣競爭激烈的市場中，展現出良好的經營績效。

This research analyzed thirty domestic banks' operational performances after financial reform in Taiwan from 2003 to 2007. Factor analysis was used to extract five factors from 19 financial variables. The five factors are: profit ability, growth ability, capital adequacy, operational ability and assets quality. Results showed that financial-holding subsidiary banks significantly surpass nonfinancial-holding banks in growth ability, operational ability and asset quality aspects, but showed no significant differences in profit ability and capital adequacy.This research also adopted discriminant analysis to find discriminant variables and discriminant function. At the end, the discriminant results were evidenced by current events and news. Some of domestic financial-holding subsidiary banks create operational risks because of massive bad debts or higher fixed operational cost, this might affect the other subsidiary companies. Some domestic nonfinancial-holding banks got good operational performance because of concentrating on original banks' professional services over a long period of time, or offering specialized financial services to customers.