都市自然的治理與轉化新北市二重疏洪道

The Governance and Transformation of Urban Natures The Case of Erchong Floodway in New Taipei City

都市自然治理模式的轉化，與都市轉型關係密切。以新北市二重疏洪道為例，本文秉持城市與自然共變的觀點，追溯這片地景如何於1980 年代初期，從都市周邊的馴化農業自然，轉變為控制災害自然的疏洪道，又成為邊緣的荒僻自然，以及中下階層庶民休憩去處。隨著治安憂慮升高，以及全球城市競爭驅動了都市轉型，二重疏洪道成為新式綠色治理的對象，以河濱公園和遊憩設施的潔淨綠地面貌出現，也將民間保育組織的生態自然想像納入規劃。晚近，捷運和快速道路興建、重劃區開發及都市更新驅動的房地產熱潮，更將二重疏洪道轉化為大台北都會公園，以及水岸住宅的商品化景觀，自然成了縉紳化要素。都市自然地景在集體消費需求、地域縉紳化，以及都市環境主義崛起等結構力量下，疊覆了多重意義和功能，挾其吸納與排除機制，構成呼應當前都市轉型的綠色治理場域。

This paper aims to explore the relationship between the governance of urban natures and the urban transformation. Using Erchong Floodway in New Taipei City as an example, this paper adopts the perspective of urban political ecology which focuses on the co-evolution of city and nature to delineate how this landscape changed from agricultural nature to a floodway that controls floods. The landscape later turned into peripheral wilderness where lower class used for recreation. However, as middle class residents concerned the safety issue and the competition among cities accelerated the renewal of Taipei metropolis, Erchong Floodway started to become the object of new green governance. It appeared as a purified recreational area with riverside parks, sports facilities and bike paths. It also materialized the ecological-nature ideal of environmentalist groups. Recently, the construction of the MRT and expressways and real estate development resulted from the readjustment of lands and urban renewal have helped to transform Erchong Floodway into the Taipei Metropolitan Central Park which has contributed to the gentrification of nearby area. In short, the landscape changed its meaning and function with the demands for collective consumption, gentrification, and the emergence of urban environmentalism. And the mechanism of inclusion/exclusion that resides in the transformation demands us to critically examine the new green governance.