張其昀通才教育思想與中國文化

Chinese Culture in Chang Chi-yun's General Education Thoughts

張其昀大學通才教育思想的論述，大抵根基於中國文化。張氏通才教育思想的中國文化根源，主要有孔子與儒家思想、老子、張載、胡瑗、朱舜水，以及張氏的老師大陸中央大學的劉伯明教授等。本文主要探討張氏如何將這些中國歷史、文化、言論與人物，與通才教育相聯結，並用來解釋通才教育的原理。在上述討論後，本文試著歸納張氏用中國固有文化來解釋通才教育的原理，對通才教育帶來的可能啟示和涵義。張氏對通才教育最大的貢獻，在於從中國文化的立場與內涵來論述與建構通才教育思想。這歸功於他個人深厚之儒家孔學思想學歷，與重要的教育與大學實務經歷。張氏將大學通才教育思想，與中國文化相提並論，做出適當且合理的解釋，確具獨到見解，為我國通識教育中國化，或自中國文化尋找通識教育理論之源頭，提供發人深省的啟示與具說服力的註解。

Chang Chi-yun has built his general educational thoughts primarily upon Chinese culture. The Chinese culture here ranges from Confucius and Confucianism, Lao-tze, general remarks or sayings familiar to Chinese people, scholars of Song Dynasty such as Chang-chai, Hu-yuan, and Chu Shun-shui, to contemporary scholars such as Professor Liu Po-ming of Central University in China. This paper aims to examine how Chang employs these Chinese cultural essences to define his general educational thoughts. The results of analyzing and interpreting Chang's discourse and discussions are expected to shed some revealing lights upon the general education theory. One of the inspiring and revealing contributions Chang has made to the general educational sphere is that with his educational and practical experiences, he has been able to define and interpret, fairly persuasively and appropriately, general education from the perspective of Chinese culture.