透視團體間衝突：一所小校微觀政治分析

Examining Intergroup Conflict: The Micropolitical Analysis of a Small School

本研究旨在透過微觀政治之視角，採取焦點俗民誌之研究取徑，探討一所小校團體間衝突的面向、團體間利害關係人政治策略運用之情形，以補充國內較忽略學校組織團體間衝突議題之實徵文獻。本研究實地走訪一所偏遠小型國中，以質性研究途徑，試圖挖掘小校團體間衝突之微觀政治現象，主要源自於以校長為首的變革派與資深派團體間衝突，以及發現在變革派、資深派和中立派之間政治策略之使用有所不同。研究發現包括了：個案內團體間衝突起因於資深派守舊與校長變革領導而形成衝突；團體之衝突一則源於科層控制與專業自主的歧見，一則起因於教育理念之差異；校長多以威脅控制策略應對，資深派則多以冷漠疏遠策略因應，中立派對兩邊陣營多抱持不得罪人之心態周旋；小校前任與現任校長領導風格有極大差異，致使形塑的組織文化型態亦呈現差異，因此，小校校長領導風格乃形塑小校組織文化之關鍵所在。

Adopting the focused ethnographic approach and using the micropolitical lens， this study aimed to explore the intergroup conflict in a remote small junior high school. By doing so， it aims to enrich the educational research of school management which has paid little attention to the issue of intergroup conflict. The research findings revealed: (i) the intergroup conflict derived from the difference between the new principal’s change leadership and the senior teachers’ conservative attitudes， (ii) the intergroup conflict derived from bureaucratic control versus professional autonomy; (iii) the intergroup conflict derived from the difference of educational ideas， credentialism versus humanism， between the principal’s subgroup and the opposite subgroup; (iv) diverse political strategies used among the three parties， for the change subgroup mainly using influential strategies， for the senior teacher subgroup mainly using protective strategies， and for the neutral subgroup mainly using nonintervention and compliance strategies. The key to shaping positive organizational culture lies in school leadership.