藝術教學中高達美詮釋學與批判理論之整合應用--以孟克《青春期》為例

The Integrated Application of Gadamer's Hermeneutics and Critical Theory for Art Teaching--By Munch's

此篇論文將探究藝術教學上，當我們詮釋藝術作品時，相關的教學內容詮釋可以如何進行之途徑，並且以孟克作品《青春期》為例來加以探討。根據高達美的詮釋學，藝術作品蘊含著豐富的生命啟示性內涵，但必須靠觀者去探尋。藝術教學上，若能提供學生充實的藝術作品相關資訊，詮釋出藝術品之生命隱喻意涵，將有助於提升學生感受藝術品的能力。另一方面，藝術相關研究中，也有許多社會批判的理論，強調理解藝術品，必須能看到藝術背後的意識型態，從藝術家的心理、文化、社會等因素去分析藝術品，根據此觀點，所產出的藝術教學上的詮釋內容，將相當不同於高達美的詮釋學。高達美詮釋學與批判理論，這兩者的詮釋方向不僅相異，甚至有某種歧義性。然而，藝術教學的詮釋內容，若是整合此兩種觀點的相關敘述，卻適可突顯藝術的詮釋沒有絕對性價值的特性，幫助學生發展獨立的批判性思考與豐富的感知能力。本文除了建立以高達美詮釋學與批判理論整合應用的藝術教學詮釋模式之外，也進一步以孟克的《青春期》為例，試圖探索相關的藝術教學詮釋內容，以了解此一藝術教學內容詮釋模式的可能性。

In this essay， we will explore the approach of interpreting art works in art teaching. We will use Munch’s painting “Puberty” as an example. On one hand， Gadamer’s hermeneutics emphasizes the intrinsic life meanings in artwork itself. It inspires instructors to give students information and instructive interpretation to help them explore the internal life metaphors of artworks. On the other hand， some critical theories remind us to examine the ideology behind artworks which may affect the artist. It could be analyzed by psychological， cultural and social elements. In the essay， very different theories shall be integrated， even having areas that conflict with each other. The reason is that if the interpretation in an art program could give students two different perspectives， making ambiguous and uncertain thoughts， eventually students will be inspired and think independently by themselves. This model of interpretation in art teaching is known as a vital approach. The vital approach leads students to establish their critical thoughts and sentimental feelings about art. It’s important in the development of student’s creativity and perception.As a result， this essay will not only build a model of interpretation in art teaching from both Gadamer’s idea and critical theories， but it will also practically interpret Munch’s “Puberty” to follow the model of interpretation and give relative instructive content about art interpretation for teaching.