幼兒肥胖與睡眠時數、體溫及身體活動量的相關性研究

The Correlation between Preschool Children’s Obesity, Sleep Duration, Body Temperature and Physical Activity

本研究目的在於，瞭解幼兒肥胖與睡眠時數、體溫及身體活動量之間分別具有什麼關係。方法：以臺東縣國幼班、滿5足歲的56位肥胖體位及263位正常體位的幼兒為研究對象。肥胖定義係以重高指數(WLI≧1.20)，及正常體位係以重高指數(1.10>WLI≧0.90)為切點；而睡眠時數採問卷調查並分為二組（＜9小時，≧9小時）；並進一步檢測體溫及身體活動量。所得資料以皮爾森積差相關與t檢定等統計分析。結果：一、重高指數與睡眠時數、體溫及身體活動量呈現負相關；而睡眠時數與體溫及身體活動量呈現正相關；體溫與身體活動量呈現正相關。二、高重高指數組的幼兒(肥胖體位)比正常重高指數組的幼兒(正常體位)，有較少睡眠時數、較低體溫及較低身體活動量。三、睡眠時數＜9小時組的幼兒，有較高重高指數及較低身體活動量。

The main purpose of this study is to incorporate and summarize worldwide literatures and theories in order to understand the differences in relation to children’s weight-for-length index (WLI), sleep duration, body temperature and physical activity through empirical research. It could severe as a reference explaining the influential factors that affect childhood obesity. The subjects of this research consist of 56 over-weighted and 263 normal-weighted preschool children at the age of 5 in Taitung County. Obesity is defined as WLI≧1.20 and normal weight is defined as 1.10>WLI≧0.90. Subjects are classified into two categories according to sleep duration (<9 hours, ≧ 9 hours). The acquired data was retrieved by using statistical methods such as t-test, and Pearson’s product-moment correlation. Research Findings: a) There is significant negative correlation between the WLI, sleep duration, body temperature, and physical activity；Whereas, there is significant positive correlation between sleep duration, body temperature, and physical activity there is significant positive correlation between body temperature and physical activity. b) Children in the obese group have relatively lower sleeping hours (shorter sleep duration), lower body temperature and lesser physical activities than with the children of normal weight group. c) Children with less than 9 hours of sleep tend to have higher WLI and lower level of physical activity. The result concluded from this research will help clarify the factors affecting childhood obesity such as sleep duration, physical activities and body temperature, but also provides a future planning of preschool education with the aim of obtaining a more sound development. Furthermore, this study helps to establish academic and theoretical information.