居家與工作環境之極低頻電磁場影響與改善策略研究

A strategic research on effects and improvement measures of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields in households and workplaces

自從Wertheimer 與 Leeper兩人在1979年首先提出暴露於極低頻電磁場（Electromagnetic Field, EMF）可能影響人類健康的說法迄今三十年來，部分民眾對於電磁場的暴露與健康影響的顧慮仍未完全消失，但以往多數EMF研究側重於公共衛生與機電研究領域，在物業管理之領域為一較新興之議題，故在建築材料屏蔽與物業環境診斷議題上較缺乏。因此本研究以EMF量測實驗作為研究方法，依情境的特徵在實驗規劃上分為三大部分：（一）進行居家與工作環境常見電器用品與設備之EMF量測，以瞭解EMF強度隨距離衰減之情況；（二）進行建築材料屏蔽之EMF量測，以瞭解居家與工作環境建築材料屏蔽之效果；（三）選擇用電形態較具集中性與規律性之某校教學研究空間改善案例進行量測，作為工作環境改善之案例實證。前述量測實驗之研究成果，有助於建築師在健康環境設計時做預先屏蔽規劃之參考、營建公司在整建修繕時之建材選用參考，以及物業管理公司在健康環境診斷與維護之管理參考，藉以營造出健康的工作與生活環境。

Public concern for exposure to EMFs and their effect on human health has since been existing after Wertheimer and Leeper proposed exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMFs) may cause an adverse effect on human health in 1979. However, EMF researches have centered more on the issues of public health and electrical engineering. Its importance in the field of property management has been recognized just recently; therefore, researches on blockage of EMFs by building materials and diagnosis of property environment are still relatively fewer. As a result, this research conducts experiments of EMF measurement. The experiment plan is divided into 3 parts based on individual characteristics of different conditions: (1) EMFs emitted by appliances and equipments commonly seen in households and workplaces are measured to understand how the strength of EMFs reduce with distance; (2) EMFs blocked by building materials are measured to find out the extent of EMFs being blocked by building materials of households and workplaces; (3) improvement measures are applied to a selected teaching and research space of one school which shows a more centralized and regular pattern of electricity consumption. EMFs are measured after implementation of improvement measures to show how much the environment of this case is improved.The result of the said measurement experiment can be served as a reference for architects to draw up a plan to block EMFs when designing a healthy environment; for construction companies to select building materials during renovation; and for property management companies to diagnose and maintain the healthiness of one environment so that a healthy working and living environment can be created.