台灣地區中小學生身體質量指數及體重過重與肥胖之判定值

Body Mass Index Reference and Cut-off Values of Overweightand Obesity for School Children and Adolescents in Taiwan

世界各國兒童及青少年之肥胖情形日益嚴重，本研究主要敘述台灣地區7~18 歲學生身體質量指數之分布情形以及提供體重過重及肥胖之判定值。本研究分析之資料含7~18 歲42,921 位學生，包括21,754 位男生及21,167 位女生。同時，以LMS 方法建構身體質量指數之百分位數平滑曲線。研究結果顯示各年齡層男女生身體質量指數之第3、10、25、50、75、90 及97 百分位數曲線，18歲時男生肥胖(身體質量指數>28 kg/m2)之百分比(7.9%)比女生(3.7%)高。2002 年各年齡層男女生身體質量指數之第90 百分位數皆比1997 年高，二者在青少年後期男生差距為1.80 kg/m2，女生為1.63kg/m2。本研究顯示近幾年來兒童及青少年之肥胖盛行率有逐漸增加之趨勢，建議營養及身體活動計畫介入時，宜考慮男女生肥胖盛行率之差異性。

The prevalence of obesity in childhood and adolescence is dramatically increasing around the world. This study investigated body mass index (BMI) of Taiwanese students aging 7-18 years of age, and provided cut-off values of BMI for overweight and obesity in this popluation. Data for 42,921 individuals, including 21,754 boys and 21,167 girls, aging 7-18 years of age were used in this investigation. The LMS method was used to construct smoothed percentile curves for BMI. The computed 3rd, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th, and 97th percentiles of BMI were reported by age and sex. At 18 years of age, the prevalence of obesity (BMI>28 kg/m2) was higher in boys (7.9%) than in girls (3.7%). The 90th percentiles for both genders in 2002 became progressively higher than corresponding values in the 1997 survey, with a difference of 1.80 kg/m2 in boys and 1.63 kg/m2 in girls in late adolescence. This study reflected an increasing prevalence of obesity during childhood and adolescence in recent years, suggesting that the difference in the prevalence of obesity between both genders should be considered when planning nutritional and physical activity intervention strategies.