發現音樂－－大班兒童音樂創思之研究

Discovering Music – Study on creative thinking in music of five- and six-year-olds

本文旨在探討大班兒童音樂創思之呈現可能及其特質。本文以質性研究觀察記錄兒童音樂創思活動之過程與成品，據以評析兒童音樂創作成果及其特質。本研究以苗栗縣某托兒所九位大班兒童為對象，研究時間為2009年二至六月。資料蒐集自：創作活動觀察與記錄、錄影、音樂成品之譯譜、同儕討論與創作者訪談。研究發現，大班兒童多依樂器的感官特質和表達需要選擇樂器，樂器的選擇對兒童創作方式與音樂成果有密切關係；大班兒童直覺創作中會關注樂曲組織形式，其音樂創作過程與成品中可以發現清晰的結構性思考與音樂創造思考之歷程。教師應提供鼓勵的創作環境激發學生發現自己的音樂。

This article presents the results of a children composing program. The goal of this quality study program was to research characteristics of children's music discovering. Object of this stuty are nine 5-6-year-old-children from a nursery school in Miaoli County, where researcher leaded weekly a composing activity during the time from February to June 2009. Materials were collected from observing notes, music displaying, video recording, translation of recorded music, and discussion interview with children. Products were analysed in terms of instruments choice, music structure, thinking process within etc. The findings are： choice of music instrument is relevant and close related to products of children's composing; 5-6-year-old children own intuitively music organizing faculty, their music products show constitutive ponder and process of creative thinking in music. Teachers should create encouraging environment, to motivate and empower valuable and imaginative innate capacity of creativeness of children.