A Robust Three－Dimensional Model Watermarking Algorithm Based on Connected Vertices Clustering and Star Topology

Nowadays, with the fast development of internet and the rapid development of digital media information processing and content distribution, 3D models are easy to transmit and duplicate unauthorized reproduction to become a serious problem. The intellectual properties protection of 3D model is necessary and not negligible. The problems of the 3D model watermarking scheme are only small amount embeddable space and not robust enough. This paper proposes a cluster algorithm based on vertices connectivity and the 3D model reconstruction with star- topology to construct a robust watermarking scheme for 3D model. In the proposed scheme, the center of each star- topology is selected to be a candidate vertex and several no overlapped edges are selected as the candidate edges for watermark embedding. There are three advantages compare with other methods: (A) The secret image has very high security owing to using chaotic mechanism to scatter the watermark. (B) The result host 3D model after watermark embedding possesses excellent imperceptibility without noticeable degradation. (C) The watermarks embedded in the 3D models are robust against the similarity transformation attacks and the cropping attack.