一位圍棋棋手棋藝發展的家庭支持歷程之探析

The Case Study of Family Supportive Behavior from Parents of a Chess Player

本研究係為瞭解一位傑出圍棋棋手的棋藝發展歷程中家庭支持的情形。本研究採個案研究，透過棋手及其父母、學校導師的訪談資料，及相關文件資料，如棋手之相關圍棋期刊文章報導、新聞剪報等，進行三角交叉法和文本複核以檢證和分析探討。本研究結果發現，家庭於棋手不同棋藝發展階段，所提供的家庭支持內涵不同：(1)入門級位至進段（學習啟蒙階段）：實質性支持於學習經驗的啟動；情感性支持於初始挫敗經驗的調適。(2)進段至四段（興趣奠定階段）：實質性支持於家長對於圍棋公共事務活動的參與，以提供棋手豐富的對奕經驗，以及大量閱讀資源的提供和科學探索教育的提供；訊息性支持於觀察孩子學習需求及能力的分析。(3)四段至六段（壯大棋力階段）：實質性支持於習棋費用支持；訊息性支持於天賦能力的分析、師資與棋譜的提供與整合、並培養棋手運動的興趣；情感性支持在於對於早慧心思的瞭解。(4)六段至今（潛龍在淵階段）：實質性支持於每週北上接送以進行指導棋及習棋費用的支持；訊息性支持於提供職業棋士的指導，以及回歸學校教育體系於生涯定向的思索評估和引導；情感性支持在於屢歷國際大賽之際勝負的調適，以及學習瓶頸歷程的心理支持。根據研究結果，期提供給國內的圍棋棋手家長及一般家長，作為圍棋學習時家庭教養與培育之參考，另提出家長於家庭支持過程中，對於社會及教育環境的想法，期提供教育單位及政府於提倡圍棋活動之參考。

This study aimed to explore the influence of family supports on a chess player's potential development. The study was done by in-depth interviews from the parents and instructors of the chess player， and the chess player himself. Personal documents like articles and news were included. The results show as follows: (1) Stage of enlightening: material support encourages the chess player in learning， and emotional support achieves a psychological balance from frustrations. (2) Stage of determining habits: material support focuses on participation in chess activities， while abundant books and materials of science exploration education are offered. Cognitive support focuses on observation the need of learning and ability of the chess player. (3) Stage of g rowing chess ability: material support focuses on payments for mentors. Cognitive support focuses on the analysis of gifted ability， offers of mentors and chess books， and development on the interests of sports. Emotional support focuses on understanding of the emotion of the chess player. (4) Stage of latency: material support focuses on tuition and transportation fees from Taipei to home. Cognitive supp ort focuses on instruction of fees from professional chess players， and evaluation for career development. Emotional support focuses on the mental adjustment after international contests， and in difficulties. According to the study， we proposed some suggestions about children rearing education for parents of chess players or not. Besides， suggestions for institution of education， society and government for advocating talents are provided.