臺北市與廣州市高學習成就高中生學習價值觀與學習策略之研究

Learning Values and Learning Strategies of High-achieveing Senior High School Students in Taipei and Guangzhou

本研究目的在呈現高學習成就高中生會受哪些因素影響而驅動學習；慣於運用哪些學習策略以適應學業的激烈競爭；以及面對學業壓力的感受如何。研究架構上區分為「學習動機價值觀」「學習策略價值觀」「學習策略執行頻率」三個面向，分別有學校、家庭、個人與社會四項動機因素；及演練策略、精緻策略、成就拓展策略與後設認知策略四類型學習策略；除了在價值觀上進行調查外，並在學習策略執行上設計配對施測。研究方法為問卷調查法，取樣方法為立意取樣，樣本為臺北、廣州六所高中高學習成就之二年級學生，共得有效問卷521份。研究主要發現為學習動機價值觀中最受重視的是個人因素；學習策略價值觀中精緻策略評價最高，執行頻率亦最高。廣州學生學習策略執行頻率較台北學生為高；女生、文組學習價值觀表現分別較男生、理組得分為高；成就拓展策略執行越好的學生，學習生活樂趣越大；課業壓力感受為一些或小的學生，學習策略執行最好；重視不同學習動機的學生，在選擇學習策略時也呈現不同趨向。越重視個人動機因素的學生，有越佳的精緻策略評價與執行；越重視社會動機因素的學生，有越佳的成就拓展策略評價與執行；學校或家庭動機因素被重視時，則演練策略就較常被運用。

In the paper， I try to realize: 1) what factors would influence the studying of high-achieving high school students; 2) what learning strategies they adopt to overcome the competition in schools; 3) how do they feel the pressure come from schools. In order to answer the questions， I distinguish three different aspects to observe the studying of high school students: ＂Learning Motive Value＂， ＂Learning Strategic Value＂ and ＂The Practice in Learning Strategies.＂ The former includes ＂School＂， ＂Family＂， ＂Individual＂， and ＂Society，＂ and the last two are involved ＂Rehearsal Strategies＂， ＂Elaborating Strategies＂， ＂Expanded Achievements Strategies＂， and ＂Metacognitive Strategies.＂ I take purposive sampling to collect information. All respondents are sophomore studying in six high schools of Taipei and Guangzhou. The total sample size is 521. First， I find that， based on the survey， individual motivation is the one of the most important learning motive value. Moreover， for Learning Strategic Value， students prefer Elaborating Strategies and most often use it. Third， Guangzhou's students more often utilize learning strategies than Taipei's students do. Fourth， Females and liberal-arts-focused students perform better than males and science-and-engineer-focused students in the learning value. Fifth， Students who employ Expanded Achievements Strategies well usually show happier schools' life. If students are less stressed， they show better learning strategic value. If students emphasize on different learning motivations， they will tend to choose different learning strategies.