通姦罪的違憲審查──兼評司法院釋字第554號及第791號解釋

Constitutionality of the Crime of Adultery: Comment to J.Y. Interpretation No. 554 and 791

關於通姦罪是否合憲的問題，司法院大法官先後做出了兩次結論相反的解釋：肯定合憲性的釋字第554號解釋與宣告違憲的釋字第791號解釋。釋字第791號解釋於二○二○年中旬公布後，引發了兩極的評價。這是我國釋憲實務及刑事法制上的重大事件，值得深入探討。本文先從刑法釋義學的角度出發，逐一檢視過去各種支持通姦罪立法的主張，再據以評析前述兩則大法官解釋的當否。

Regarding the constitutionality of the crime of adultery, the justices of the Judicial Yuan have made two interpretations, namely interpretation No. 554 and No. 791. After the Interpretation No. 791 was put forward in 2020, it triggered bipolar evaluation. This is a major event in the practice of constitutional interpretation and the criminal justice system, and it is worthy of in-depth discussion. From the perspective of Dogmatik, this article examines various propositions supporting adultery legislation, and will further comment on these two judicial interpretations.