緬甸軍方於2021年2月1日發動軍事政變，推翻翁山蘇姬領導的民選政府並以軍事鎮壓反對勢力，全國抗爭行動升高為新一波的「緬甸之春」的革命浪潮，從和平示威擴大到武裝對抗，緬甸進入全面的內戰狀態。女性的廣泛及多元參與成為反對運動的特色，跨越世代、宗教、族群、社會階級及城鄉區域的婦女積極參與示威抗議、前線作戰、國際聲援及社會動員等活動，其所展現的主動性及能動性形塑緬甸民主運動的新型態，除呈現緬甸民主化、網路社會及青年世代對女力公共參與的影響，亦揭顯在緬甸軍權及父權主義形塑的權力及社會關係下，女性群體長期被邊緣化的政治及社會角色。本研究將探討緬甸女性參與民主抗爭的動機、社會背景、政治訴求及行動態樣，以及對後政變時期政治發展的影響力，呈現女性角色在緬甸國家政治發展中的限制、轉變及創新，以及對緬甸政治文化產生的形塑作用。

The Myanmar military launched a coup in February 2021, overthrowing the democratically elected government led by Aung San Suu Kyi and implementing a military crackdown on opposing forces. The nationwide protests escalated into a new wave of revolution, known as the “Myanmar’s Spring Revolution,” where peaceful demonstrations grew into armed resistance, leading Myanmar into a full-scale civil war. The widespread and diverse participation of women has become a central piece of the opposition movement in Myanmar. Women from different generations, religions, ethnic groups, social classes, and rural-urban areas have actively participated in protests, frontline combat, international solidarity efforts, and social mobilization. Their proactive and dynamic involvement has shaped a new pattern of Myanmar’s democratic movement. This not only reflects the influence of Myanmar’s democratization, digitalized society, and the youth generation on women’s public participation but also highlights the longstanding marginalized political and social roles of women under the power dynamics shaped by military rule and patriarchy.

This article will explore the motivations, social backgrounds, political demands, and patterns of action of Myanmar women in their participation in the democratic struggle, as well as their influence on political developments in the post-coup period. It will highlight the limitations, transformations, and innovations of women’s roles in Myanmar’s national political development and examine the shaping influence they have had on Myanmar’s political culture.