The ice storage air-conditioning system primarily operates by producing ice at night using cheaper off-peak electricity and melting it during the day to reduce peak loads. It is often defined as a non-energy-saving system and is not easily accepted due to reasons such as system complexity, difficulties in building integration, large mechanical room requirements, and high investment costs.
In this study, the commonly used VRV air-conditioning system is used as a comparison benchmark to explain the advantages and disadvantages of the ice storage system in terms of architectural design integration, mechanical room area ratio, and investment cost. From an investment cost-benefit ratio perspective, the recommended ice storage capacity is around 20%, with a payback period of approximately 2.4 years. When comparing an ice storage system with 20% capacity to a VRV system, the basement mechanical room area is about seven times larger than that of the VRV system, which translates into a 14% reduction in parking spaces. For above-ground dedicated mechanical area, the VRV system requires about 6% more space than the ice thermal storage system, while the difference on the rooftop is minimal only around 2%. In terms of equipment efficiency ratio, the ice thermal storage system can reduce it by about 14.4% compared to the VRV system. In operation, ice storage performs better than VRV, but in terms of above-ground dedicated area, the ice storage system holds the advantage.