異體造血幹細胞捐贈過程中，專科護理師面臨自主權、知情同意、健康風險與利益平衡等複雜的倫理挑戰，需在捐贈者權益與臨床需求間取得平衡；並在專業責任與捐贈者福祉之間做出適當的倫理決策。本文結合案例分析與文獻回顧，探討專科護理師在異體造血幹細胞捐贈中的倫理困境，特別關注捐贈者自主權、捐贈者健康與患者需求的平衡，以及知情同意的透明性與完整性等問題。本文探討專科護理師在倫理決策中的關鍵角色，並提出應對倫理挑戰的策略，包括建立階段性知情同意機制、強化心理支持與長期追蹤計畫，以及推動倫理教育與專業標準。這些策略有助於專科護理師有效處理臨床倫理困境，維護捐贈者自主權與福祉，並減少外部壓力。最終，專科護理師需具備高度倫理敏感性與決策能力，以確保捐贈者權益與決策過程獲得充分保障，實現公平、透明且人道的臨床實踐。

In the process of hematopoietic stem cell donation, nurse practitioners (NPs) navigate complex ethical challenges, including issues of autonomy, informed consent, health risks, and the balance of risks and benefits. They must navigate the delicate balance between protecting the rights of donors and meeting clinical needs, while making ethical decisions that align with both their professional responsibilities and the well-being of the donor. This paper combines case analysis and literature review to explore the ethical dilemmas encountered by NPs in allogeneic stem cell donation, with particular focus on donor autonomy, the balance between donor health and patient needs, and the transparency and completeness of informed consent. It highlights the pivotal role of NPs in ethical decision-making and proposes strategies for addressing these challenges, including the implementation of a phased informed consent process, enhanced psychological support and long-term follow-up programs, and the promotion of ethical education and professional standards. These strategies help NPs effectively manage clinical ethical dilemmas, uphold donor autonomy and welfare, and reduce external pressures. Ultimately, NPs must possess a high level of ethical sensitivity and decision-making s competence to ensure that donor rights and the decision-making process are fully protected, thereby supporting a fair, transparent, and humane clinical practice.