透過局部氣候分區結合微型感測器探討都市熱島現象-以嘉義市為例

Exploring the Urban Heat Island by Combining Micro Sensors with Local Climate Zone: A Case Study in Chiayi City

近年來都市地區經歷了高度的開發與擴張，導致熱島效應日益加劇，因此探討都市型態與熱環境之間的複雜關聯已成為重要的研究議題。過去的研究多利用土地使用與覆蓋資訊探討都市區域的熱環境特徵。然而都市的三維型態資訊，包含建築物的高度和密度，卻無法被有效探討。因此，本研究以嘉義為例，透過局部氣候分區（Local Climate Zone, LCZ）的分類方式，並透過50位具建築規劃背景的學生進行都市型態認知調查，以確定LCZ地圖分類結果的準確性。同時本研究使用環境部於嘉義市設置的200個微型感測器的溫度資料，透過(Inverse Distance Weighting, IDW)內差法方式產製2022年夏季六月至八月嘉義市的溫度分布圖，並將IDW計算之溫度分布與都市型態LCZ地圖進行套疊分析。結果顯示本研究方法可提高分類準確性5.5%，並發現嘉義市核心建成區域呈現明顯的高溫現象，平均氣溫將高達32.5°C，而植被覆蓋較多的非建成區域則顯著降溫並可至26.5°C。本研究為都市熱島效應的量化分析提供了科學依據，並提出以LCZ分類結合高密度溫度監測數據進行空間規劃的應用潛力，為未來的都市設計在熱環境調適與永續發展方面提供降溫參考。

 

In recent years, rapid urban development has intensified the urban heat island (UHI) effect, making the relationship between urban morphology and thermal environments a key research focus. While previous studies have examined urban thermal characteristics using land use and cover data, three-dimensional morphology, such as building height and density, remains underexplored. This study uses Chiayi City as a case, employing Local Climate Zone (LCZ) classification and a cognitive survey involving 50 architecture students to enhance LCZ map accuracy. Temperature data from 200 microsensors deployed by the Ministry of Environment were interpolated using the Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) method to create a temperature distribution map for June to August 2022. The temperature map was overlaid with the LCZ map for analysis. Results show a 5.5% improvement in LCZ classification accuracy and reveal significant thermal patterns. Central built-up areas averaged 32.5°C, while vegetated non-built-up zones were as low as 26.5°C. This study provides a framework for UHI analysis and highlights the potential of integrating LCZ classification with high-density temperature monitoring for urban spatial planning. These findings support future urban design strategies aimed at thermal adaptation and sustainable development.