戰爭遺緒與創傷敘事：論海外華文女作家黃美之散文書寫的主體形構

War Legacies and Trauma Narrative: Exploration of Subject Construction of Overseas Chinese Female Writer Huang Meizhi’s Prose Writing

「戰爭」是理解近代東亞社會的重要線索，戰時社會的後方經驗涵蓋了社會動員和日常場域等大眾生活，生活場域亦關涉「意識戰」的實踐與效應，戰場前線和戰場之外的後方社會實無法分論。且戰爭促發了國境空間、身分認同或是人群地域流動等近代衍變，連帶出主體意識、身分感或思想活動的重新形構。而戰後臺灣社會文化的生成，亦須省視中日戰爭乃至國府統治臺灣的「戰時中國」情境樣貌，包括社會後方生活與記憶政治的文學詮釋。鑒此，本文鎖定具有中國、臺灣兩地生活經驗與政治受難者身分的海外華文女作家黃美之（1930-2014）為個案，就其戰後散文展開討論，探求「戰時中國」的戰爭遺緒及其致使的成長創傷，析論作家生命記憶與文學重述間的關係。即追索具有戰時經驗的作家身體／身分之移動、拆解及重構問題，及其如何與戰後臺灣的社會內戰語境互為作用，揭示自中國渡海來臺世代的離散書寫與主體形構。

 

“War” is an essential clue for understanding modern East Asian society. The frontline of the battlefield and the rear society outside the battlefield are inseparable. The rear experience of wartime society covers social mobilization and daily life. The field of life is also related to the practice and effect of “ideological warfare.” The war intensified the modern evolution of border space, identity, or regional mobility among the East Asian masses and subject consciousness, reconfigured identity, and ideological activities. The formation of Taiwan’s social culture after the war must also look at the Second Sino-Japanese War and even the legacy of “wartime China” in which the National Government ruled Taiwan, including the interpretation of the movement of people, wartime experience, and memory politics. Given this, this article is based on the essays of Overseas Chinese female writer Huang Meizhi(黃美之, 1930-2014), who had life experience in China and Taiwan and was a political victim, exploring the cultural shift of “wartime China” and the growth trauma it caused and analyzing the intertextuality between the writer’s life memory and literary representation restate. That is, to trace the movement, dismantling, and reconstruction of the body/identity of writers with wartime experience outside Taiwan and how they interact with the social, civil war context of post-war Taiwan after coming to Taiwan to reveal diasporic writing and the subject construction of wartime China generation.