偏鄉疫情危機與社群動員：阿里山鄉個案分析

Covid–19 Pandemic and Community Mobilization in a Rural Region: A Case Study of Alishan Township

本研究以嘉義縣阿里山鄉十二個村落為研究對象，探索偏鄉如何受到疫情衝擊與如何動員社群度過疫情危機，並從中檢視社群動員機制的形成。研究結果顯示，村落受疫情影響程度與觀光發展程度有關，而觀光發展程度較高的村落，受疫情衝擊輕重關鍵在於農作物的經濟價值。村落在疫情中的社群動員依循既有的動員網絡，這是源於傳統農業文化中的協力合作、分享文化與長期以來面對天災與政策回應遲緩的情況下，所形塑出的一套交織人生哲理與危機管理的生存法則。社群中基於黏著性社會資本所培養而來的社群韌性，是村民度過疫情危機的關鍵。

This study explored how communities in remote villages mobilized to overcome the Covid–19 pandemic crisis and examined the formation of community mobilization mechanisms through interviews with heads of village or community development associations in 12 villages in Alishan Township, Chiayi County. The impact of the pandemic was related to the degree of tourism development, and the research results also showed that the extent to which villages were affected by the pandemic varied depending on whether they had high cash crops as economic support. The community mobilization in the pandemic was based on established mobilization networks that derived from the traditional agrarian culture of cooperation and sharing, and a set of survival rules intertwined with the life philosophy and crisis management established due to frequent natural disasters and slow policy responses. The resilience of the community, based on the bonding social capital, is the key to surviving the pandemic crisis.