釋字第785號解釋與公務員救濟事件體系重構──由公務員不服「再申訴」決定提起行政訴訟相關問題談起

Interpretation No. 785 and the Reform of Judicial Remedy Cases about Civil Servants

公務人員保障法原始結構偏向二分法，唯有不服行政處分而提起復審之事件，後續得提起行政訴訟。但釋字第785號解釋突破此一陳舊不合理的架構，而指出人事行政上之非行政處分若有違法侵害公務員之情事，當事人不服再申訴決定時，得對之提起行政訴訟。此一合憲解釋，將保障法救濟體系由二分法重構為三分法，保訓會與行政法院後續如何落實此一解釋之意旨，值得關注。

The original structure of the Civil Service Protection Act is dualistic, and an administrative litigation can only be filed after a reexamination with an administrative disposition.
However, Judicial Yuan’s Interpretation No. 785 breaks through this obsolete structure, and points out that if a non-administrative disposition action in personnel administration is unlawful against a civil servant, the party may file an administrative litigation if he/she does not agree with the re-appeal decision.
This J.Y. interpretation No. 785 reconstructs the relief system of the Civil Service Protection Act from a dichotomy to a trichotomy, and it is worth paying attention to how the Civil Service Protection & Training Commission and the Administrative Courts will implement this interpretation in the future.