警察執法的法律社會學──以101大樓前的抗爭為例

The Policing Field in Law and Society: Protests at 101 Building

文化論、新制度主義與場域論長久以來支配了法律社會學的研究。在臺灣的脈絡下，以警察執法為例，一般研究者很難界定警察執法是受到文化的影響較多，還是組織架構與制度的影響為重，抑或資本的運作才是關鍵，更不易看出因素如何交錯。 為了讓研究者有一個選擇的依據，本研究先行比較了各種針對警察執法的理論，並分析其利弊，再進一步探討「執法場域」的各種研究方式。並以101大樓前法輪功的抗爭場域作為例子，以劃定的場域為根基，藉由三種不同的研究方法予以比較，並界定各個角色，討論其可能的折衝方式，最終形成場域的規範。本文希望藉由此案例拋磚引玉，描繪出臺灣在地法律社會學的執法狀態，並提出可資使用的理論與研究方法。

Both cultural approaches and neo-institution theories provide their own explanations of the way law shapes our society-or vice versa. However, both theories are facing challenges since there is no one-fits-all theory. For example, in the context of Taiwanese policing, it is plausible to say that the policing behavior is only affected by our unique culture, or simply influenced by organizational factors. Both explanations are convincing but do not explain why certain factors outweigh the other. To provide a comprehensive structure to delineate the world of policing, this study aims to draw a “policing field” that is inspired by Bourdieu’s field theory. This paper outlines three approaches—fieldwork, interviews, and media analysis—to provide a general picture of how the general public and media react to policing, by choosing the Taipei 101 building as the field, where the Falun Gong has held its protest for 10 years. Lastly, this paper provides a graph that how all players (including police, political figures, enterprise, security guards, bystanders, protesters, etc.) interact with each other, whose use of language “wins” and how it shapes our everyday life of legal practice, which in turn contributes to the localized theory of Taiwanese law and society.