以貌辨人的邊境控制：評 Socially Undocumented: Identity and Immigration Justice

Border Controls on the Basis of Appearance: Review of Socially Undocumented: Identity and Immigration Justice

在 Socially Undocumented: Identity and Immigration Justice 一書中，A. Reed Sandoval 提出「貌似無證之人」的概念來分析移民正義。貌似無證之人因為其種族、階級、性別的外貌而被視為非法移民，在日常生活中也因此受到隨之而來的諸多限制。公民或是擁有合法入境文件的移民可能成為貌似無證之人，相對來說，有些缺少合法入境文件的移民也可能因為其外貌而不被當成非法移民。因此，區別公民與非法移民的關鍵不是身分證明的法律文件而是外貌，而一個社會對於特定種族、階級與性別外貌的看法則會影響人們是否落入貌似無證之人的地位。

In Socially Undocumented: Identity and Immigration Justice, A. Reed-Sandoval develops the idea of “socially undocumented” to address immigration justice. The socially undocumented refers to people who are regarded as illegal immigrants and suffer from subsequent constraints in daily life because of the appearance of their race, class, and gender. Some citizens or immigrants with legal documents can become the socially undocumented due to their appearance. Conversely, some legally undocumented immigrants can be treated as legal immigrants because of their appearance. The crucial distinction between citizens and illegal immigrants consequently does not lie in legal documents but one’s appearance in society, and the local society’s view on the appearance of specific race, class, and gender would determine whether people would become the socially undocumented.