Cell therapy is an emerging practice in the international medical community used to facilitate the healing of chronic wounds. Stem cells have exhibited potential for therapeutic applications because of their unique biological properties. Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) can be obtained from fat tissue through minimally invasive procedures such as liposuction. Thus, ASCs have gained attention as a source of mesenchymal stem cells, which can facilitate regeneration and wound healing. The mechanism underlying the regenerative properties of ASCs involves cell differentiation and several paracrine effects, which increases collagen deposition, causes angiogenesis, and prevents inflammatory states. In September 2018, the Ministry of Health and Welfare issued the Regulations Governing the Application or Use of Specific Medical Techniques or Examinations, which conditionally allow for the clinical application of six autologous cell therapy technologies in Taiwan. The clinical use of ASCs for chronic nonhealing wounds is included. This novel medical technology must be investigated to determine its safety and efficiency in both clinical facilities and good tissue practice labs. Standardized protocols, including those for fat tissue harvest and transportation, ASC isolation and expansion, and cell transportation and transplantation, should be implemented throughout the process. With stringent quality control for autologous ASC generation in compliance with regulations in Taiwan, ASC-based therapy can be a promising treatment option for chronic nonhealing wounds.
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