The emergence of COVID-19, an uncontained, highly infectious disease that resulted in a global pandemic, has increased psychological pressure on nursing staff caring for patients with COVID-19. This study collected relevant information from unit caregivers through observations, care processes and conversations from January 23 to June 23, 2020 to analyze the causes of stress and propose solutions to reduce such stress. The analysis results indicated that the following factors induced stress: fear of the unknown and the variability of disease, concern about insufficient experience of protection, concern about a long exposure time leading to an increased risk of infection, unease about possible transmission to family members, a sense of helplessness that cannot be immediately supported when patients are unwell, and stigmatization. These stressors can be mitigated through the adoption of the following protocols: provision and discussion of disease updates, organization of infection control education and training, centralized care, provision of complete protective equipment and measures, implementation of an activation support mechanism, and provision of correct information to relevant personnel. Through sharing this information, we can appreciate the pressures faced by nursing staff and provide response measures that can be used as a reference for clinical nursing practices.