臨床上，無痰性乾咳、喘及一些非特異性身體不適的臨床表現，常誤以為非典型性肺炎。本案是一位30歲女性患者，因咳嗽、喘初步被診斷為非典型性肺炎，因反覆入院且抗生素治療未見改善，經電腦斷層和肺組織切片確診為隱源性器質性肺炎，給予類固醇治療後，其疾病仍進展至自發性氣胸，在併用免疫抑制劑後，疾病方獲得控制。因此，針對此類病患若經抗生素治療效果不彰，應將隱源性器質性肺炎納入鑑別診斷，除此之外，確診後，使用類固醇治療若發現對藥物反應不良之罕見個案，應積極併用免疫抑制劑，以免錯失治療先機。

The clinical manifestations of nonproductive cough, dyspnea, and non-specific discomfort are often misdiagnosed for atypical pneumonia. A 30-year-old female patient with cough and dyspnea was initially diagnosed with atypical pneumonia. Because of repeated admissions and fail to antibiotic therapy, she was diagnosed with cryptogenic organic pneumonia which was proven by computed to-mography and pathologic findings. After steroid therapy, spontaneous pneumothorax was developed. Patient’s condition was improved after the application of immunosuppressants. Therefore, if antibiotic treatment is not effective for such kind of patients, the possibility of cryptogenic organic pneumonia should be included in the differential diagnosis. In addition, once diagnosed, if steroid therapy is not effective, immunosuppressants should be added to the treatment without delay.