中小學校長策略領導的內涵及研究方向   全文下載

Strategic Leadership in Elementary and Secondary Schools: Theoretical Framework and Research Directions

領導是最常被觀察到的，且最少被全盤瞭解的現象之一，領導具有豐富的內涵且是文明進步的重要動力，領導領域存在挖掘不盡的研究議題。當前學校領導情境日益複雜且多樣化，策略領導是學校有效發展的關鍵因素。在過去二十年，已有研究者開始注意策略領導的研究，策略領導已是當前重要的新興研究議題，策略領導仍在發展中。本文廣泛蒐集策略領導的相關文獻，加以統整分析，並從中小學校長的角度及學校情境，將策略領導界定為，校長具有策略的智慧，藉由策略分析與對話，訂定清晰的策略方向，提供學校成員目的感，將成員和組織與策略作連結，並將策略轉化為具體行動，進而發展學校的策略能量，不斷尋找適當的介入點，推動學校各項革新，以提升學生的學習成就。同時，本文論述策略領導的緣起、能力、模式，並提出未來的研究方向，包括：（1）策略領導屬於新興的重要領導模式，學校情境的實證研究有探究的必要；（2）策略領導構面似乎仍達成一致的共識，學校情境的評量工具之開發有待努力；（3）策略領導產生的效果之研究仍然偏少，有待未來研究持續聚焦此一議題。

Leadership is a phenomenon, which is the most observed and the least understood on earth. Leadership has abundant content and inexhaustible research issues; it propels a surge among civilization. Due to the complexity and diversity of the current school leadership practices, strategic leadership has been a critical factor for effective school development. In the past two decades, researchers began to pay attention to the study of strategic leadership, which has become an up-to-date research topic. The perspectives of strategic leadership have being developing. The study reviewed relevant literature of strategic leadership as well as detailed the origin, definition, abilities, and models of strategic leadership. It also submitted threefold research directions: (1) Strategic leadership is a novel and important leadership model, while it is worth further studying continually. (2) The perspectives of assessment instrument are diverse, yet they need to be developed in terms of school situations. (3) The effects of strategic leadership have not been well studied; however, they might be the hot issues.