親屬網絡與社會名聲：范成大《吳郡志》〈人物〉的兩類收錄標準

Kinship Networks and Social Reputation: Two Types of Selection Criteria of the“Biographies”Section of the Gazetteer of Wujun by Fan Chengda

本文利用CBDB所收錄的社會關係，並配合現存史料，探討《吳郡志》〈人物〉的可能收錄標準。本文的目的不在於窮盡所有的收錄標準，而是補充我們對此標準的認識。《吳郡志》〈人物〉所收宋代人物共73人，編者的擇人標準之一，是親屬網絡。這73人中，有46人（63%）共屬同一親屬網絡。若選擇〈進士題名〉中載有官職者來觀察，也可以發現同樣的現象，反映宋代士人家族在蘇州具有一定的延續性，以及彼此之間交織著的社會關係。此外，若觀察九老會成員的入傳情況可以發現，能與全國性士人有交遊者較易入傳，反映社會名聲也是影響入傳與否的因素之一。另一方面正如崇大年、丁謂與王葆的例子所示，若歷史人物在地方社會也有正面的社會名聲，也同樣有助於歷史人物入傳。宋代方志中人物傳的流行及其所發揮的主要功能之一，很可能是協助地方士人以地方網絡（如親屬關係）以及社會名聲所連結的群體為單位，共同參與全國性士人群體之社會網絡的交流與建構。

This article uses the social relations collected by the CBDB, together with existing historical sources, to explore the possible selection criteria of“Biographies”in the Gazetteer of Wujun. The purpose of this article is not to exhaust all the selection criteria, but to supplement our understanding of this criteria.“The Biographies”of the Gazetteer of Wujun included a total of 73 people from the Song Dynasty. One of the editors’selection criteria was the kinship network. Of these 73 individuals, 46 (63%) belonged to the same kinship network. The same phenomenon can also be found if one chooses to observe those with official positions in the“Jinshi List,”reflecting that the literati families in the Song Dynasty had a certain continuity in Suzhou and the social relations intertwined with each other. In addition, if we observe the introduction of members of the Nine Elders Association, we can find that those who could make friends with national literati were more likely to be included, because they should also have a higher cross-regional social reputation, which reflects that social reputation also affects whether one person would be included in the“Biographies.”On the other hand, as the examples of Chong Danian, Ding Wei, and Wang Bao show, if a historical figure had a positive social reputation in the local society, it was also helpful for the inclusion of the historical figure. The popularity of“Biographies”in Song local gazetteers shows that one of their main functions was likely to assist local literati to participate in the national literati community in groups linked by local social networks (such as kinship) and social reputation, contributing to its interactions and further developments.