數字技術規範法律化與數字平臺善治

在數字經濟時代，技術規範是指利用互聯網、大數據、人工智能等現代數字技術手段，在數據處理、算法運行與信息交互等環節中形成且具有事實支配力的技術性規則體系。數字平臺的搭建與運營以數字技術規範為基礎，數字平臺的新型違法行為與數字技術規範之間存在深度關聯。在數字平臺治理中，傳統監管面臨監管理念滯後、規則表面化、效果低效等問題。推動數字技術規範法律化，借助數字技術實現多元主體協同治理，或是克服難題的可行路徑。為實現數字技術規範法律化，在宏觀層面，應通過軟法的制度過渡和多方主體的廣泛參與，奠定共識與方向;在微觀層面，應通過具體的法律技術機制予以落實，實現制度設計與操作方式的有效銜接。借由數字技術規範的法律化，可促進平臺法律規則的“良法化”，以及平臺自我規制的“善治化”。

In the digital economy era, technical specifications refer to a system of technical rules that have de facto dominance, utilizing modern digital technologies—such as the Internet, big data, and artificial intelligence—in data processing, algorithm operation, and information exchange. The construction and operation of digital platforms are based on these technical specifications, and unlawful behaviors related to algorithms and computing power are deeply intertwined with the specifications. In digital platform governance, traditional regulatory approaches face challenges, including outdated regulatory philosophy, superficial rules, and limited effectiveness. Legalizing technical specifications, in combination with collaborative governance between multi-stakeholders in virtue of digital technology, offers a feasible way to overcome these challenges. At the macro level, this involves building consensus and direction through a transition supported by soft law and participation from various stakeholders. At the micro level, this requires implementing specific legal-technical mechanisms to ensure alignment between institutional design and operation methods. Legalizing digital technical specifications can promote both the“good law”in platform rules and the“good governance”in the platform's self-regulation.