混合實境道教科儀訓練系統發展與教學應用研究

Development and Educational Application of a Mixed Reality Taoist Ritual Training System

道教科儀是臺灣最重要的宗教無形文化資產之一，但其傳承正面臨嚴峻挑戰。為了更有系統地保存及傳承臺灣道教科儀文化，本研究以臺灣北部正一派的建醮科儀作為學習內容，透過混合實境（mixed reality, MR）之虛實整合特性，設計「MR道教科儀訓練系統」。本研究招募19名研究對象進行教學實驗，採用實驗研究法，隨機分派為實驗組（10人，使用「MR道教科儀訓練系統」）與對照組（9人，道長現場教學），比較兩組學習者在學習成效上的差異，同時評估實驗組學習者的科技接受度、沉浸經驗以及臨場感感受，並透過訪談瞭解兩組學習者的學習歷程、感受以及建議。結果顯示，採用兩種不同學習模式的學習者皆具有顯著的學習成效，且兩者之間差異並不顯著。此外，實驗組學習者在科技接受度、沉浸經驗，以及臨場感上普遍展現出顯著正面的內在感受。訪談結果亦指出，學習者認為需要結合兩種教學模式才能夠最有效地傳遞道教科儀的教學內容。本研究證實，「MR道教科儀訓練系統」不僅能夠作為學習者理解道教科儀流程與知識的有效工具，亦可輔助道長現場教學，提供學習者更多反覆學習的機會，對於道教科儀這項珍貴無形文化資產的保存與傳承具有重要意義。

Taoist rituals are one of the most significant forms of intangible religious cultural heritage in Taiwan, yet their transmission faces serious challenges. To preserve and transmit this tradition in a more systematic way, this study focused on the Jianzhao ritual of the Zhengyi sect in northern Taiwan as the core learning content and developed an innovative mixed reality (MR) Taoist Ritual Training System that integrates both virtual and real-world elements. Nineteen participants were recruited for a teaching experiment using an experimental research design. Ten were randomly assigned to the experimental group, which engaged in ritual learning through the MR system, while nine were assigned to the control group, which received traditional in-person instruction from a Taoist master. The study compared learning outcomes between the two groups, assessed the experimental group’s technology acceptance, immersive experience, and sense of presence, and conducted interviews to gain deeper insights into learners’experiences and perceptions. The results showed that both learning modes produced significant gains, with no statistically significant differences between them. Moreover, participants in the experimental group reported positive perceptions regarding technology acceptance, immersion, and presence. Interview findings further indicated that learners believed a combination of both modes would be the most effective for transmitting Taoist ritual knowledge. This study demonstrates that the MR Taoist Ritual Training System not only serves as an effective tool for learners to understand the processes and knowledge of Taoist rituals but also functions as a valuable teaching aid for Taoist masters, providing more opportunities for independent practice and contributing to the preservation and transmission of this important intangible cultural heritage.