中高齡者參與歌唱班之社會支持與幸福感相關性研究──以南投縣為例

The Relationship Between Social Support and Well-Being in Middle-Aged and Older Adults Attending Singing Classes in Singing Classes in Nantou County

本研究探討中高齡者參與社區歌唱班之社會支持與幸福感現況、背景美及其相關性，以提供高齡教育與社區健康促進之實證參考。研究以活動理論為基礎，採橫斷式問卷調查法，以南投縣45歲以上參與歌唱班之中高齡者為對象，便利抽樣回收有效問卷261份，並以SPSS 22.0進行描述統計、t檢定、單因子變具數分析及皮爾森相關分析。研究結果顯示：受訪者以女性居多，年齡集中於60歲以上，教育程度以高中及大學（含專科）為主，經濟狀況多屬普通至小康。社會支持整體平均值4.18屬高水準，其中情感性支持最高，其次為資訊性支持，工具性支持雖較低仍達中高程度；幸福成平均值2.81屬中等偏上，顯示受訪者對生活滿意度、未來展望與生命意義持正向態度。背景變項分析發現，性別、年齡、教育與婚姻對社會支持與幸福感皆無顯著影響，唯經濟狀況與幸福感呈顯著正相關。社會支持與幸福感亦呈中度正相關（r=.513，p<.01），表示社會支持愈者其幸福感愈佳。綜合而言，社區歌唱班不僅提供休閒娛樂，更是中高齡者情感交流與資訊分享的重要平台，高水準的社會支持對提升生活滿意度與心理福祉具關鍵作用，建議持續推廣多元課程並針對經濟弱勢者提供補助，以促進活躍與健康老化。

This study explores the current status of social support and well-being among middle-aged and older adults participating in community singing classes, examines differences across background variables, and analyzes the relationship between the two constructs, providing empirical evidence for senior education and community health promotion. Guided by activity theory, a cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted with 261 valid responses from participants aged 45 and above who regularly attend community singing classes in Nantou County, Taiwan. Data were analyzed using SPSS 22.0 for descriptive statistics, independent-sample t-tests, one-way ANOVA, and Pearson product–moment correlation. Results indicated that most respondents were women, primarily over 60 years of age, with education levels concentrated in senior high school and college, and with economic conditions generally ranging from average to moderately affluent. Overall social support reached a high level (M = 4.18), with emotional support scoring highest, followed by informational support; instrumental support was slightly lower but still above moderate. Overall well-being averaged 2.81, reflecting moderately positive life satisfaction, optimism about the future, and a strong sense of life meaning. Background analyses showed no significant differences in social support or well-being by gender, age, education, or marital status, while economic status was positively associated with well-being. Social support and well-being demonstrated a moderate positive correlation (r = .513, p < .01), indicating that greater perceived support predicts higher well-being. In conclusion, community singing classes serve not only as leisure activities but also as vital platforms for emotional connection and information exchange among older adults. High levels of social support play a key role in enhancing life satisfaction and psychological well-being. It is recommended that diverse singing programs be continually promoted and that financial assistance be provided for economically disadvantaged participants to foster active and healthy aging.