參與健走活動關鍵因素

Key factors in participating in walking activities

肥胖對健康造成的危害是21世紀重要公共衛生議題之一。根據國民健康署統計，台灣45歲以上國人半數以上有體重過重之情形，然而肥胖者發生醣類、脂類的代謝異常風險是體重正常者的3倍，建議輕中度肥胖者，可以藉由飲食與運動換回健康。台灣近年健走運動開始盛行，綜觀過去的研究，多著重於走路的好處、步行步數的效益等進行研究與探討，但針對參與健走的動機有深入研究的價值。本研究是以「馬斯洛需求理論」為基礎，探討員工的「內在動機」、「外在動機」與「活動規劃設計」對於員工參與醫院內部舉辦健走活動的影響。研究以南部某地區醫院內部25名員工（N=25）為樣本，採用層级分析法（Analytical Hierarchy Process，AHP）找出各項目素之權重，依內在動機、外在動機、活動的設計規劃行銷的評分排序。研究結果發現「外在動機」（0.589）>「內在動機」（0.262）>「活動的設計劃行銷」（0.150），其中權重顯示外在動機最為顯著，整體次要權重排序最重要的前五項關鍵因素為1.「獎金吸引」、2.「同事朋友邀約」、3.「體重管理健康促進」、4.「同儕壓力」、5。「活動設計彈性」。本研究的結果未來可提供辦理員工健走活動之推廣參考。

The health hazards of obesity are one of the most important public health issues of the 21st century. According to the statistics of the National Health Administration, half of the people over the age of 45 in Taiwan have overweight, but the risk of metabolic abnormalities of sugars and lipids in obese people is 3 times that of normal weight, and it is recommended that mildly moderately obese people can be exchanged for health through diet and exercise. In recent years, walking has become popular in Taiwan, and looking at the past research, most of them focus on the benefits of walking and the benefits of walking steps, but there is value of in-depth research on the motivation to participate in walking.
Based on ''Maslow's Theory of Needs'', this study explores the influence of employees' ''intrinsic motivation'', ''extrinsic motivation'' and ''activity planning and design'' on employees' participation in walking activities held within the hospital. The study took 25 employees (N=25) in a hospital in a southern region as a sample, and used the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) to find out the weights of each factor, ranking according to the scores of intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, and activity design planning marketing. The results of the study found that ''extrinsic motivation'' (0.589) > ''intrinsic motivation'' (0.262) > ''design planning and marketing of activities'' (0.150), of which the weight showed that extrinsic motivation was the most significant, and the top five key factors with the most important overall secondary weight ranking were 1.'' Bonus attracts '', 2.'' Colleagues and friends invited'', 3.'' Weight Management Health Promotion'', 4. Peer Pressure'', 5. Activity Design Flexibility''. The results of this study can provide a promotional reference for employee walking activities in the future.