照顧與根著：臺灣新竹千甲農耕複合體的土壤政治

Caring and Rooted: The Soil Politics of an Agricultural Complex in Chianjia, Hsinchu, Taiwan

地處新竹都市邊緣的千甲，仰賴友善環境農耕者的實踐，以及地方社會網絡之建構，賦予人們具備不同的想像視角來重構都市意義。為了掌握經驗現象，本文提出照料與根著，並將樣區之現象概括為農耕複合體，如何透過土地型態的轉換，來理解當代都市發展脈絡下的農耕實作意義，轉換過程又內蘊了怎樣的張力；以及在此張力之外，農耕行動又會如何促生以人為中心的農耕複合體。筆者主張，農耕作為一種照顧土地的實作過程，不只涉及表層的農作改良，也因此觸動深層的人土關係，獲得重新思考都市發展內涵的可能。土壤穩固農耕實踐的必要元素，也發揮了中介人土關係的政治效果。本文採質性研究之參與觀察，輔以隨機的攀談訪問和田野紀錄。透過千甲農友針對因晚近都市發展引致的土地開發過程的批判，搭建農友與土壤的依存關係，強調受到都市擴張所引發人土關係的不穩定。接著，以種植技法切入，觀察農友如何藉由特定的農法，與物質和非人形成一組互動關係，並從中帶出因農地而生的照顧狀態。土壤是一個重要的媒介，而農耕又是最能與土壤互動的人類實踐。此外，與人類共構土壤生命的多物種，在各種偶然的時間點，以它們原有的物種特性，再加上人們刻意的照顧，塑造充滿共生底蘊的農耕複合體。

Agricultural practices contribute to the debate on the value of land, and soil is an indispensable key to agriculture. Understanding and analyzing soils may provide more inspiration and reflection on urban agriculture and the political issues raised by land. However, at this stage, there is no discussion on soil research in Taiwan, and this is the intellectual gap that this paper aims to fill. Located on the edge of Hsinchu City, Chianjia relies on the practice of environmentally friendly farmers and the construction of local social networks, which provides people with diverse imaginative perspectives the means to reconstruct the meaning of the city. In order to grasp the empirical phenomenon, this paper proposes the concepts of care and rootedness, and conceptualize the area as an agricultural complex.s, How can we understand the significance of agricultural practices through the transformation of land forms? What tensions are inherent in this transformation?; And out of these tension, how will farming practices promote human-centered agricultural complexes. I argue that farming, as a practical process of caring for the land, not only involves surface-level agricultural improvements, but also touches upon the deep-seated relationship between people and the land, making possible a rethinking of the meaning of urban development. Soil is an essential element of stable farming practices and also plays a political role in mediating human-soil relations. This study is based on participant-observation, supplemented by informal interviews and fieldnotes. Through the critique Qianjia framers provide of the effects of recent urban development on the land development process, Idemonstrate the I establish a framework for understanding the interdependent relationship between farmers and soil, emphasizing the instability of the humansoil relationship caused by urban expansion. Then, through planting techniques, I observe how farmers form a set of interactions with the material and the non-human through specific agricultural methods, revealing the care that arises from the farmland. Soil is an important medium, and farming is the human practice that most interacts with soil. In addition, the multiple species that co-construct soil life with human beings at different points in time , with their unique species characteristics, coupled with people's deliberate care, creates an agricultural complex full of symbiotic significance. The concept of an agricultural complex proposed in this paper is not only an empirical phenomenon in the Chianjia area, but may also be found in other urban processes that share a similar pattern. Once again, I emphasize that the implementation of Friendly Farming Practices is not unique to Chianjia, and the crisis of farmland degradation is not unique to Chianjia either. The empirical phenomenon of Chianjia that I discuss and analyze is related to the urban expansion of Hsinchu and the continuous encroachment of developmentalism into the urban periphery. The production myths extracted from developmentalism and concept of ''progress'' t forces human beings to exist in a world all related to the ''transformation of value''. In hope that seemingly unrealistic ideals can move forward slowly but surely on the rugged road of capitalism.