論「人－AI協作」繪畫的創造力特徵暨案例評析

iscourse of Creativity Features in Human-AI Painting Collaboration and Case Analysis

隨著人工智慧生成技術（AIGC）的到來，在繪畫藝術領域中，人工智慧（AI）憑藉著大數據分析、學習、運算等方式輸出多元風格圖像。AI以演算法模仿人類在創作中的思維過程，可以經由生成與判別的相互作用而輸出圖像。不過AI繪畫與人類創作在經驗層面上具有本質的差異。人類的傳統創作形式是基於情感、生活經驗和文化背景等因素，AI對圖像的生成過程則是依賴對數據庫的深度學習，包括啟發式搜索、規劃、數學簡化、資訊表示等計算模式的循環型態，在計算過程中其自身邏輯缺乏了情感層面。
自古以來，每一次的科技革新往往會帶起新一波的藝術發展，例如印象派發展的部分原因可以溯源至照相技術，以及擠壓式顏料管的發明有關，藝術經常在創作者嘗試與新的事物交叉互動，激盪出新的可能。AI繪畫的進步對於部分藝術家而言或許是危機，但倘若能夠適當地運用AI工具進行協作時，不啻是一種新的機遇。然而，當藝術家與AI處於一種協作關係時，使用者將文本提示（prompt）提交給AI生成工具之後，就不再有使用者的干預，直到圖像的輸出，這是一種自動化的過程，這衍生出繪畫作品是否為原創還是僅為創作過程的表像、是否算是具有創造力（creativity）的真正藝術、亦或創作者是誰、以及藝術家如何在使用AI輔助繪畫時繼續維持自身的創意新穎性（creative novel）等問題。

With the advent of Artificial Intelligence Generated Content (AIGC), artificial intelligence (AI) has been outputting images in diverse styles in the field of painting art through methods such as big data analysis, deep learning, and computation. AI imitates the thought process of human creation with algorithms, and it can generate images through the interplay of generation and discrimination. There is a fundamental difference between AI image generation and human creation in terms of experience. While traditional forms of human creation are based on emotion, life experience, and cultural background, AI's image generation process relies on deep learning of databases, including heuristic search, planning, mathematical simplification, information representation, and other computational modes of the cycle pattern. During this computational process, its internal logic lacks an emotional dimension.
Throughout history, every technological innovation has often triggered a new wave of artistic development, for example, part of the development of Impressionism can be traced back to photographic technology and the invention of the squeezable paint tube. Art often creates new possibilities when creators attempt to interact and intersect with new things. While the advancement of AI image generation may be seen as a threat to some artists, it can also present new opportunities when AI tools are appropriately used in art works collaboration. In such collaborative relationship, after users submit text prompts to AI generation tools, there is no further user intervention until the image is generated. This automation process raises questions about whether the resulting artwork is original or merely an appearance of the creative process, whether it qualifies as an art with truly creativity, who the creator is, and how artists can maintain their creative novelty while using AI as an artistic aid.