從藥物成癮者到藥癮同儕員之歷程探究

The Journey from Illicit Drug Users to Peer Support Workers

在社區戒癮單位中，進用同儕陪伴服務、同儕支持人力已是藥癮復元的趨勢。然而在身為同儕員角色之前，他們都曾經是藥物成癮者以及戒癮機構當中的成員。本研究欲探索藥癮同儕員從藥癮者自身復元轉化成為同儕員的經驗、困境與調適。
為了深入探索同儕員角色轉化經驗，本研究採用質性研究法，透過立意取樣選取六位研究對象，並蒐集同儕員經歷角色轉化的自身經驗與歷程，主題分析結果發現，根據同儕員所處的機構文化不同，其所提供的服務項目、培訓歷程也會有所不同。藥癮同儕員的角色極為多元，但這些角色在落實過程中，也觸發同儕員的角色與困境，這些困境也使同儕員發展調適方法與策略，來面對自身復元、同儕陪伴與機構期待等要求。整體而言，目前尚未有實質的同儕員樣貌能夠當作角色楷模，僅能依照助人工作者的模樣邊揣測、邊執行同儕員工作。本研究也依研究發現，針對社工實務、政策與未來研究提供相關建議。

Peer support workers and peer support services have become integral components of community-based treatment programs for substance use. Prior to assuming these roles, peer support workers were themselves illicit drug users and members of recovery communities. This study explores the lived experiences, challenges, and coping strategies of peer support workers during their transition from drug recovery to professional support roles within addiction recovery contexts.
Employing a qualitative research design, this study recruited six participants through purposive sampling and documented their personal narratives and role transition journeys. Thematic analysis indicates that the scope and structure of services and training differ depending on organizational culture. Although the role of peer support workers is multifaceted, its implementation often entails complex challenges. These challenges include managing personal relapse, providing effective peer support, and meeting organizational expectations, all of which necessitates the development of adaptive coping strategies.
Currently, Taiwan lacks a unified framework for peer support work in addiction recovery. As a result, peer support workers often rely on their own interpretations of professional helping roles in navigating through their responsibilities. Based on these findings, this study offers recommendations for social work practice, policy development, and future research.