心理劇的角色交換之歷程探究～主角於孝道困境中親子互動改變效益之分析

The Effect of the Psychodrama Protagonist in Role Reversal for Parent-child Interaction Under the Filial Piety Issue

本研究旨在探究心理劇角色交換針對經歷孝道困境的主角，在親子互動上所產生的改變效益，進行為期17周的連續性心理劇成長暨訓練團體。參與的成員皆在團體前進行焦點訪談，以了解個人的孝道困難，並在劇後對四位主角進行個別訪談，了解角色交換所帶來的改變效果。本研究採取質性研究中的發現取向進行分析，研究結果說明如下：一、發現孝道困境中的經驗內涵：（一）孝道階層造成互動上的壓迫；（二）因價值觀的差異而感到生氣；（三）互動中隱藏真實的感受和想法；（四）因互動的侷限性而停止溝通；（五）陷入父母衝突中形成同盟；（六）成為父母衝突中的協調者；（七）成為自己或滿足他人期待的拉扯。二、了解不同位置的角色交換對主角改變效益：（一）與替身的角色交換：認領自我的情緒並轉換視框，以及辨識出在關係中自我的樣貌；（二）與對角（媽媽）角色交換：1.客觀地看見自己在互動中的樣子；2.認識媽媽在不同角色的樣貌；3.體會到媽媽的脆弱和辛苦；4.接納媽媽在關係中的限制；5.在互動中有較多的表達和情感連結。（三）與關鍵景物角色交換：1.突破主觀感受的限制；2.擴展系統性的視框；3.帶來賦權增能的功能。三、角色交換對親子互動的影響：（一）肯認關係中正向互動；（二）認領負向情緒後接受關係的樣貌；（三）減少互動中的抗拒增加耐心；（四）願意多嘗試互動不放棄溝通。並依據以上研究結果，提出討論與建議以供參考。

This study aimed to manage parent-child interaction difficulties through intervention of role reversal in psychodrama for the child-protagonists, further explored the effect of role reversal for the protagonists undergoing filial piety adversity. In terms of study process, the data were first collected prior to a 17-week psychodrama growth training group, understanding how individuals perceived difficulties in the parent-child interaction through conducting focused interview with group members. Within a structure of warm-up — action — sharing phase, the data were collected afterwards through individual interviews with four protagonists, understanding the effect of role reversal for them. Study was analyzed based on qualitative research method, and the results were described in three sections as follows: 1. Discovering the filial piety adversity in parent-child interaction of four protagonists. 2. Understanding the experience in terms of role reversal among different positions. 3. Understanding the overall role reversal after-effect towards the protagonists in parent-child interaction. Further discussions and suggestions were included in the study for future reference based on the results above.