「缺自發性量表」之編製及其信效度分析

The Development of Spontaneity Deficit Scale

自發性與缺自發性是心理劇治療的核心構念，與心理適應有密切關係。本研究旨在編製華人的「缺自發性量表」並評估量表之品質。研究一以251名參與者進行探索性因素分析，再以251名參與者進行驗證性因素分析，發現缺自發性為「焦慮的」、「沒目標的」、「被限制的」、「不安全的」、「負面情緒的」五因素模式。缺自發性與創造傾向、創新行為有顯著負相關。此外，缺自發性與心理適應指標有顯著相關。缺自發性與正向心理適應有顯著負相關。缺自發性與常見精神疾病有正相關，缺自發性與負向情緒有顯著負相關。最後本研究針對缺自發性研究與應用進行討論，並提出未來研究的建議。

Spontaneity and deficit of spontaneity, core constructs of psychodrama group therapy, are highly related to psychological health. This research aims to develop a psychometrically validate a Chinese self-reported “spontaneity deficit scale.” Data were collected from a sample of 502 university students and were equally split into two groups. The results of exploratory (n = 251) and confirmatory (n = 251) factor analyses supported the five-factor structure of the 19-item spontaneity deficit scale. The five factors were named as “anxious,” “aimless,” “restricted,” “insecure,” and “negatively emotional.” The spontaneity deficit scale and its five subscales, with adequate reliabilities, were negatively correlated with creativity tendency and innovation behavior. Spontaneity deficit was also found to be correlated with several indices of psychological adaptation, including positive and negative affect and common mental disorders. Finally, potential theoretical and practical applications of the scale were discussed and several recommendations were proposed for future research.