離島的日常維繫與災害韌性：澎湖縣虎井嶼之社區基礎維生系統分析

Sustaining Daily Life and Building Disaster Resilience on Islands: An Analysis of Community Lifelines on Hujing Islet, Penghu County

聯合國《仙台減災綱領》強調提升地方韌性與社區能力為災害治理核心目標。對離島而言，氣候變遷導致海平面上升與颱風風暴潮頻仍，加劇基礎設施脆弱與外援延遲的風險。本研究以澎湖縣虎井嶼為例，於2023至2025年間進行觀察與訪談，探討風災中社區基礎維生系統（community lifelines）運作及其與社會資本的關聯。結果顯示，離島基礎維生系統的穩定仰賴強大的社會資本與合作機制。凝聚型資本促進災後動員，橋接型資本透過旅外網絡支援重建，而連結型資本則結合駐軍與里民協作，迅速修復浮動碼頭等關鍵設施，確保交通暢通。研究建議政府協助島嶼社區培養自主韌性，落實《仙台減災綱領》所強調的多層級協力與風險治理文化，以降低小島社區的整體災害風險。

The United Nations Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction emphasizes strengthening local resilience and community capacity as the key goals of disaster governance. For small islands, localized risk management and community-led approaches are essential to reduce vulnerability heightened by the impacts of climate change, sea level rise, and typhoons. This study examines Hujing Islet in Penghu County, Taiwan, exploring how community lifelines operate during typhoons and their relationship with social capital. Fieldwork conducted from 2023 to 2025 included observations and in-depth interviews. The study’s findings reveal that strong social capital and collaboration are essential to ensure the continuity of lifeline services on resource-limited islands. Linking social capital facilitates the rapid restoration of critical facilities; bonding capital supports post-disaster mobilization; and bridging capital leverages diaspora networks for recovery. This study recommends that governments foster community self-reliance and implement the Sendai Framework’s principles of multilevel collaboration and risk governance culture to strengthen island resilience.