社工工會籌組與發展歷程探究──以社會運動綜合比較視角為分析取向

Exploring the Formation and Development of Social Work Unions: A Comparative Perspective on Social Movements

面對長期以來處於劣勢的勞動條件與工作困境，社會工作者籌組社工工會和參與社會運動組織，以建構完善的勞動環境至關重要。然而，目前針對新興社工工會的組織歷程，特別是從社會運動理論出發的研究仍屬有限。本研究採質性研究，訪談參與社工工會籌組與發展歷程的核心行動者，並以整合政治機會、動員結構與構框的社會運動綜合比較視角進行分析。
社工工會特殊性在於組織同時面對多方權力結構，且在深受助人專業與社會關懷的構框特性，使行動傾向以協商與合作。研究結果揭示兩個面向：「工會籌組的萬事俱備，助攻而立」、「組織化後的治理轉變與挑戰」。本研究有助於深化對社工工會組織動態的理解，提供社會運動理論於工會創立與發展的交叉對話基礎。

Research on the organizational processes of emerging social work unions is limited, particularly research conducted from the perspective of social movement theory. The study conducted interviews with key individuals involved in forming and developing social worker labor unions in Taiwan. Such labor unions are distinctive because they must navigate several power structures and are shaped by the ethos of social work and a commitment to social concerns, which leads them to favor negotiation and cooperation over confrontation. By comparing perspectives on social movements, exploring political opportunities, mobilizing structures, and framing processes, this study revealed two dynamics that characterize the organization of such unions in Taiwan: (1) favorable conditions and strong collective momentum in the initial organizational phase and (2) shifts and challenges in governance after formal organization. The findings enhance the understanding of the organization of unions and link social movement theory with labor union development trends.