台灣新住民的政治再社會化與公共參與：量化研究的初探

Political Re-socialization and Public Participation of Immigrants in Taiwan: A Preliminary Exploration of the Quantitative Research

本研究旨在探討，台灣新住民的政治再社會化（political resocial-ization）是否會影響公共參與？如果會，如何影響？不同於以往用質性研究方法分析新住民的政治行為，本文嘗試採用量化研究方法，自行設計問卷蒐集資料進行實證分析，並援引White等學者（2008）探討加拿大移民政治參與所使用的政治再社會理論為研究架構，檢視台灣新住民的政治再社會化對公共參與的影響。作者使用自行設計問卷蒐集的新住民資料，成功問卷共計1,570份。本文運用「多元迴歸模型」（multiple regression model）與「二元勝算對數模型」（binary logit model）進行檢證。研究結果顯示，政治再社會化確實會影響台灣新住民的公共參與，此結果與White等學者（2008）的研究結果相符。整體而言，新住民在台灣居住的時間長短，會影響新住民的公共參與。新住民的政治再社會化會藉由母國的學習經驗之累積，延續到在台灣新學習到的事務，進而影響公共參與。但是，新住民來到台灣並不會因為母國的政治社會化經驗而抗拒學習台灣的新事物與價值觀，而對公共參與造成影響。此外，本文進一步發現，新住民在母國時期對母國的政治興趣，不會影響在台灣的投票參與，但是，新住民對台灣的政治興趣，會促進投票參與，這個研究結果增補White等學者（2008）的理論解釋。

The goal of this study is to see if immigrants’political re-socialization has an impact on their public participation in Taiwan; and if so, then in which way? Unlike previous qualitative studies that explored immigrants’political behavior, this paper adopts a quantitative research approach. A self-designed questionnaire was used to collect data for empirical analysis, drawing upon the framework of political resocialization theories used by White et al. (2008) in their study on the political participation of Canadian immigrants. The authors used a self-designed questionnaire to collect the qualifications of immigrants and validated it with a“multiple regression model”and a“binary logit model.”The results of the research show that political resocialization does affect the public participation of immigrants in Taiwan, consistent with the research results of White et al. (2008). On the whole, the political socialization of immigrants will continue to the newly learned affairs in Taiwan through the accumulation of learning experience in their home country, thereby affecting public participation. The length of time the immigrants live in Taiwan will also affect the public participation of the immigrants. However, immigrants do not refuse to learn new subjects and adopt their values after arriving in Taiwan nor reduce their public participation due to their experience of political social-ization in their home countries. Additionally, the study further finds that the political interest of immigrants in their home countries does not affect their voting participation in Taiwan. However, their political interest in Taiwan promotes voting participation, adding to the theoretical explanations of White et al. (2008).