科技感官洞察：臺灣肖像畫中的人工智慧情緒識別探索

Technological Sensory Insights: Exploring AI Emotion Recognition in Taiwanese Portraiture

本研究旨在探討人工智慧（AI）技術於肖像畫情緒識別中的應用，論證其與形式主義理論之關聯性。肖像畫自古以來不僅描繪人物外貌形象，更著重於表達情緒與抒發情感，而情緒識別是AI的重要技術，應用在視覺藝術領域時，能揭示人物肖像中潛藏的情緒。本研究以臺灣藝術家邱亞才的十二幅肖像畫為例，透過AI解析情緒表達的多樣性，將八大情緒類別作為分析要項，探討人物表情、肢體語言、造型服飾、情境氛圍等四大構成要素，並運用兩種AI情緒識別技術進行對比：A技術專注於面部表情的「臉部識別」結果，僅透過微表情來判斷整體情緒，在辨識情緒的能力上較具侷限性；B技術則採用更全面的「整體識別」視角，除卻人物表情，亦結合肢體語言、造型服飾和情境氛圍，在解析非面部因素時，相對地表現出更高的精確性，能捕捉到更豐富的情緒層次。情緒呈現並非僅仰賴面部表情，需綜合考量視覺元素，才能更精確地解讀肖像畫的情緒表達，從視覺特徵解析情緒的方式來看，AI技術和形式主義有其相似性，兩者皆通過形式因素，體認藝術作品中的情緒表達或情感共鳴，肖像畫情緒識別成果，不僅能擴展藝術審美視角，更可進一步強化形式主義理論在當代藝術中的具體實踐。

This study aims to explore the application of artificial intelligence (AI) technology in emotion recognition within portraiture and analyze its connection to formalism theory. Portraits have long served not only to depict physical likeness but also to express emotions and convey sentiments. Emotion recognition, a key AI technology, can reveal the hidden emotional layers in portraits when applied to visual art. Using twelve portraits by Taiwanese artist Chiu Ya-Tsai as examples, this research delves into the diversity of emotional expression through AI analysis, focusing on eight primary emotional categories: anger, contempt, disgust, fear, happiness, neutral, sadness, and surprise. The study examines four key elements: facial expressions, body language, attire, and contextual atmosphere. Two AI emotion recognition techniques are compared: Technique A, which focuses on ''facial recognition'' and evaluates emotions solely through micro-expressions, yielding less significant results and exhibiting limitations in its recognition capacity; and Technique B, which adopts a more comprehensive ''holistic recognition'' approach, analyzing not only facial expressions but also body language, attire, and contextual factors. The latter shows higher precision in capturing richer emotional layers beyond facial expressions. Emotional expression in portraits cannot rely solely on facial cues but requires consideration of various visual elements for more accurate emotion interpretation. From the perspective of analyzing emotions through visual features, AI technology and formalism share similarities, as both recognize emotional expression or resonance in art through formal elements. Therefore, the results of emotion recognition in portraiture not only broaden the aesthetic perspective in art but also reinforce the practical application of formalism theory in contemporary art.