木雕產品化之數位轉型初探──以3D列印為例

Preliminary Study of the Digital Transformation in Wood Carving: A Case Study of 3D Printing

台灣的木雕傳統藝術，基本上以明清時期閩、粵一脈的漢人文化為主軸，隨著社會體系改變和西方美學傳入，作品融入個人藝術風格並嘗試結合不同媒材、領域的設計師、藝術家共同創作激發新火花，如國立台灣工藝研究發展中心每年所推出的「工藝新趣」活動。從文獻回顧中發現，木雕產業有幾個重要問題需要突破：材料、技法、以及市場需求，本研究問題首先想釐清當前木雕產品化作品在創造力、美感以及技術面上有何消長？接著想尋求是否能以數位科技輔助；建構木雕數位轉型的新製造工法？因此，本研究步驟有三：1.木雕現代化創作因子問卷分析。2.數位轉型之策略實驗。3.產業現代化發展之專家訪談。以問卷、訪談找出木雕要往現代產品化發展的重要影響因子，並將量性、質性分析結果作為木雕數位轉型的依據。結果發現解決木雕產業瓶頸有幾項很重要的因素：美學教育、市場行銷、降低技術門檻、產品化、造型、木料缺乏以及新材料，透過3D列印介入輔助木雕產業，可增加材料新奇；降低依賴木雕工藝師技術上的純熟性，直接透過數位科技增加形狀上的變異度，以達到木雕產品創作在創造力與美感上的提升，發展出一個技法更簡單、原料更易求得的新木雕產品製作工法。

The traditional wood carving art of Taiwan is primarily rooted in the Han culture of the Fujian and Guangdong regions from the Ming and Qing dynasties. As societal structures evolved and Western aesthetics were introduced, works began to incorporate personal artistic styles and attempted to blend designs with different media and collaboration across various fields. This has sparked new creativity, exemplified by the ''Crafts New Fun'' event organized annually by the National Taiwan Craft Research and Development Institute. A review of the literature reveals several significant challenges within the wood carving industry: materials, techniques, and market demand. This study aims to clarify the current state of creativity, aesthetics, and technical aspects in commercial wood carving products. It also seeks to explore whether digital technology can assist in constructing new manufacturing methods for the digital transformation of wood carving. The study involves three main steps: 1. Analysis of a questionnaire on modern wood carving creation factors. 2. Experimental strategies for digital transformation. 3. Expert interviews on the modernization and development of the industry.
By using questionnaires and interviews, the study identifies key factors influencing the modernization and commercialization of wood carving. Both quantitative and qualitative analyses are used as a basis for the digital transformation of wood carving. The findings highlight several critical factors for overcoming the industry's bottlenecks: aesthetic education, market marketing, reducing technical barriers, commercialization, design, scarcity of wood materials, and new materials. Integrating 3D printing in to the wood carving industry can introduce novel materials, reduce reliance on the technical proficiency of master carvers, and directly increase the variability of shapes through digital technology. This can enhance creativity and aesthetics in wood carvi ng products, developing a production method that is simpler and utilizes more readily available raw materials.