四元主份低熔點合金製作及性質

Quaternary Alloy with Four Principal Elements- Fabrication and Property

本研究針對兩種低熔點四主份合金系統──AlBiSnZn（ABSZ）與BiInSnZn（BISZ）進行合金設計、製備與性質分析，探討其於低溫電子接合應用之潛力。透過差示掃描量熱分析（DSC）、場發射掃描式電子顯微鏡（FE-SEM）、X光繞射（XRD）與拉伸測試等方法，系統性評估其熔點行為、微觀組織與機械性質。結果顯示，兩者皆未形成高熵合金中常見之單一固溶體結構，而為多相組織。雖然多相結構有助於提升硬度與熱穩定性，惟兩合金皆呈現明顯脆性，延展率僅為3–5%。值得注意的是，ABSZ雖含高熔點元素鋁，其合金熔點仍低至128°C，顯示鋁對熔融行為影響有限；而BISZ則展現合理低熔點與穩定多相結構。整體而言，低熔點複雜合金於形成單相高熵組織上具挑戰性，需進一步透過成分設計與組織控制策略進行優化。

This study focuses on the design, fabrication, and property evaluation of two low-melting quaternary principal alloy systems—AlBiSnZn (ABSZ) and BiInSnZn (BISZ)—to explore their potential for low-temperature electronic joining applications. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and tensile testing were employed to systematically investigate their melting behavior, microstructures, and mechanical properties. The results indicate that both alloys exhibit multiphase structures rather than the single-phase solid solutions typically observed in high-entropy alloys. While the multiphase nature contributes to enhanced hardness and thermal stability, both ABSZ and BISZ show pronounced brittleness, with tensile elongation limited to only 3–5%. Notably, despite the presence of high-melting-point aluminum in ABSZ, the alloy's melting point remains as low as 128°C, suggesting limited influence from aluminum on melting behavior. BISZ, on the other hand, demonstrates a favorable low melting point and a stable multiphase structure. Overall, the formation of single-phase high-entropy-like structures in low-melting alloys remains challenging, highlighting the need for further optimization through compositional design and microstructural control strategies.